I'm fairly new myself and learned a lot from this site and my own failures.
Since your going to have to do much reading for all the details I figured I would share some important details I recently dealt with.
1. Very important: Good lighting is imperative. Don't go cheap with small cfl bulbs, it can make your grow agonizing. I learned the hard way by going super cheap with lighting and when I bought
this light kit
http://r.ebay.com/rdFgtI (awesome value at 118.00) to replace my cheap cfls, the great results were noticeable the next day. It was almost magical what the High Pressure Sodium light did compared to the cfl bulbs. (my 400 watt HPS/MH light only costs about 14.00 per month to run)
2. Nutrients. Don't skimp. If you don't have much cash, it's better to get the small packs of good nutrients like Fox Farm instead of a big box of Miracle Grow.
http://r.ebay.com/Sx88k2
3. Hydroponic growing is not as difficult or "advanced" as you might think. You can build a killer 5 gallon Deep Water Culture system in 10 minutes for about $17.00 - $25.00.
I personally think it's far better and easier than soil. All you have to do is set up your nutrient solution right and you're good to go, no lingering questions about soil problems or bug issues etc.
Youtube is a great source on how to build one. Some guys video.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ts0iaPRuPjM
If I could go back in time I would have started with hydroponics in the first place.
4. Heat, odor, light leaks need to be considered and planned for before you start.
I almost killed my first plant by putting it into a closet thinking 97F would not be too much.
Odor will pop up before you know it. Better to be prepared instead of panicked. (see the do it yourself tutorials)
Light leaks, my first plant wouldn't flower even being on a 12/12 light schedule for near 2 months. The problem was that I going into that same room for 5-10 minutes a day and turned the light on during the dark period.
I didn't think it would matter because it was only 5 minutes or so, boy was I wrong.
In a nut shell, don't skimp on lighting or nutrients and follow advice by the more experienced people here very closely. Also, there are lots of "how to" videos on youtube, I learned a huge amount from them.
Good luck man