Verdant Whisperer
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Associated with Increased Flowering Times:
- Beta-Caryophyllene
- Description: Terpene with a spicy, woody aroma.
- Effect: Considered a depressant for plants. May inhibit certain growth-promoting processes and have calming effects.
- Humulene
- Description: Terpene known for its earthy, woody aroma.
- Effect: Considered a depressant. May potentially reduce inflammation and inhibit specific metabolic pathways in plants.
- Ocimene
- Effect: Strong cell growth regulating properties observed.
- Myrcene
- Effect: Known for promoting cell expansion and growth. May contribute to hastening the transition to the flowering stage.
- "Another theory is that myrcene, another common terpene in cannabis, has a role in regulating the plant’s circadian rhythm and photoperiodism, which are the processes that control the plant’s response to light and dark cycles. According to this theory, myrcene may help the plant sense the changes in day length and trigger flowering when the days get shorter."
- Effect: Known for promoting cell expansion and growth. May contribute to hastening the transition to the flowering stage.
- CBD
- Effect: Research indicates that CBD may modulate gene expression related to flowering.
- Pinene
- Effect: In high levels, exhibits allelopathic and inhibitory responses. In small levels, considered a stimulant. May increase airflow around the plant, aiding in the absorption of carbon dioxide, crucial for photosynthesis.
- Terpinolene
- Effect: In high quantities, has cytotoxic applications on cells, slowing plant growth/flowering times. In marginal quantities, may speed up flowering times. Encourages metabolic processes within the plant, potentially leading to increased growth and development.
- Limonene
- Effect: In moderate levels, can increase plant vigor by enhancing photosynthesis. This can lead to improved growth and development. In higher levels, exhibits allelopathic and inhibitory effects on the plant itself.
- Plants Emphasizing Oil Production:
- Characteristics: Evolved in unfavorable growing conditions, adapted for oil production over mass. Traits include shorter flowering times and smaller growth structures.
- THC's Role: In long-flowering varieties, THC may play a role in prolonging the flowering phase. THC-A transforms into THC, potentially impeding natural growth processes.
- Alpha Pinene: Navigating Wet Landraces
- One intriguing aspect of this theory is the association between Alpha Pinene, a terpene less water-soluble than its Beta counterpart, and landrace strains thriving in wet regions. This connection suggests that Alpha Pinene may play a vital role in the adaptation of cannabis to environments with higher moisture levels.
- Beta Pinene: Thriving in Arid Landscapes
- In contrast, Beta Pinene, being more water-soluble, appears to be linked with cannabis strains originating from drier regions. This observation hints at a potential evolutionary adaptation, where this terpene aids plants in conserving and utilizing water efficiently in arid climates.
- Inhibitory Terpenes: Implications for Growth
- Some terpenes (Alpha-Pinene, Beta-Caryophyllene, Terpinolene) linked to inhibiting plant growth in high concentrations, potentially explaining lower density and longer flowering times associated with long flowering equatorial sativa's from S .India and S/E Asia that contain high amounts of these terpenes in general.
- Factors Shortening Flowering Times
- CBD, Myrcene, and THC are significant influencers in shortening flowering times. They may modulate gene expression and promote cell expansion, contributing to faster transition to flowering.
- Exceptions and Future Considerations
- While this theory provides valuable insights, exceptions exist, underscoring the complexity of cannabis genetics. Factors like genetics, environmental conditions, and other compounds may also contribute to flowering patterns.
- Observed possible link between high levels of myrcene and alpha-pinene associated with Creeper Effect.
- Conclusion
- Understanding terpenes' role in cannabis flowering times opens new avenues in cultivation. Appreciating their effects allows growers to refine techniques and deepen their appreciation for this remarkable plant, highlighting the potential for ongoing discovery in cannabis cultivation.
- Cell Growth Regulating/Inhibitory Terpenes & Cannabinoids:
- Terpenes: Alpha-Pinene, Beta-Pinene, Ocimene, Terpinolene
- Cannabinoids: CBD, THC
- Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Terpenes:
- Terpenes: Alpha-Humulene, Alpha-Pinene, Beta Caryophyllene, Limonene, Sabinene, Camphene, Terpinolene
- Cannabinoids: CBD, THC
- Allelopathic Cannabinoids & Terpenes:
- Terpenes: Limonene, Pinene, Eucalyptol (Cineole)
- Cannabinoids: CBD, THC
- Water Soluble Cannabinoids & Terpenes:
- Cannabinoids: None
- Non-Water Soluble Cannabinoids & Terpenes:
- Cannabinoids: CBD, THC
- Anti-Fungal Terpenes:
- Terpenes: Pinene, Terpinolene, Eucalyptol (1,8-Cineole), Camphene, Borneol, Linalool, Geraniol
- Anti-Bacterial Terpenes:
- Terpenes: Terpinolene, Eucalyptol (1,8-Cineole), Camphene, Borneol, Linalool, Geraniol
- Anti-Herbivore Terpenes:
- Terpenes: Limonene, Pinene
- Anti Bug/Insect Terpenes:
- Terpenes: Limonene, Pinene, Terpinolene, Eucalyptol (1,8-Cineole), Camphene, Borneol, Linalool, Geraniol
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