Good post Johnny, I'd add rep to the like if I could.
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_will_temperature_affect_the_rate_of_photosynthesis#slide=1
No, the opposite is true, a lower DIF, negative even, reduces stem elongation. This has been tested with both cannabis grows (article at hightimes if I remember correctly) and widely tested by scientists and experts in professional agriculture.
For example:
http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/138/4/2344.full.pdf
Google 'DIF stem elongation' for plenty of other reliable sources. The point is, an increased difference (positive DIF) between day and night temp as you propose actually causes stem elongation. That unfortunately doesn't mean it reduces stem elongation at low or even zero DIF, but keeping it low DOES prevent the increased stem elongation caused by a too high DIF. Negative DIF (warmer at night than during the day) does reduce the normal stem elongation but is not recommended because it has other downsides.
You're correct about the CO2 though. The amount of CO2 also plays a large role, with more CO2 available (outside) the temps for optimal photosynthesis is much higher.
As with many things it differs per strain (and their origin) as well.