Kush Knight
Well-Known Member
@UncleBuck No? Would researching him be a good way to spend the next hour?
The Official "RIU History" Thread
- Thread starter Padawanbater2
- Start date
UncleBuck
Well-Known Member
nah. you can though.
i was gonna tell you all about how dr kynes thinks phillipe rushton, the royalty of whte nationalism and white supremacy, is totally not racist at all.
that's pretty much all you need to know about kynes, other than the fact that as a 30 year old he was working at walmart, still works for about that wage as a 50 year old, and lives with approximately 8 other family members. no joking either.
Kush Knight
Well-Known Member
Shit thats funny. yeah one quick google, and i got the whole gist of the white supremacy act just from the results' headlines.
UncleBuck
Well-Known Member
NUH UH! he's a respected scholar! not racist at all!
So you think its about owning slaves and not about money eh?so i'm gonna go with you know they exist, and you are just trying to revise history. that makes you a liar, which is even worse than being dumb.
Kush Knight
Well-Known Member
See, making a statement without any previous knowledge, just made me look stupid. i proved one of my own points.
Kush Knight
Well-Known Member
For the south, the slaves were money. Huge fields and over extravagant homes were managed by slaves, with the master being the one to profit. Without the slaves the economy was dead. Even with them, you could only process and export so much tobacco/hemp/cotton anyways, which wouldn't follow the trends of an evolving and industrializing world for very long. It was a dying model.
Personally, I say it was just a time in history where change was desperately needed, and sadly the human race wasn't/isn't evolved enough to control its instincts, so a whole country tried to solve things with their fists like cavemen.
Personally, I say it was just a time in history where change was desperately needed, and sadly the human race wasn't/isn't evolved enough to control its instincts, so a whole country tried to solve things with their fists like cavemen.
Choo
Well-Known Member
The Civil War WAS fought over slavery in that it was a constitutional violation by the North which involved runaway slaves which started the secession of Southern States, this violation was a form of violation of State's Rights which is where the confusion comes from so, yes it was about state's rights and it was about slavery both..;
Confederate States of America - Declaration of the Immediate Causes Which Induce and Justify the Secession of South Carolina from the Federal Union
The people of the State of South Carolina, in Convention assembled, on the 26th day of April, A.D., 1852, declared that the frequent violations of the Constitution of the United States, by the Federal Government, and its encroachments upon the reserved rights of the States, fully justified this State in then withdrawing from the Federal Union; but in deference to the opinions and wishes of the other slaveholding States, she forbore at that time to exercise this right. Since that time, these encroachments have continued to increase, and further forbearance ceases to be a virtue.
And now the State of South Carolina having resumed her separate and equal place among nations, deems it due to herself, to the remaining United States of America, and to the nations of the world, that she should declare the immediate causes which have led to this act.
In the year 1765, that portion of the British Empire embracing Great Britain, undertook to make laws for the government of that portion composed of the thirteen American Colonies. A struggle for the right of self-government ensued, which resulted, on the 4th of July, 1776, in a Declaration, by the Colonies, "that they are, and of right ought to be, FREE AND INDEPENDENT STATES; and that, as free and independent States, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and to do all other acts and things which independent States may of right do."
They further solemnly declared that whenever any "form of government becomes destructive of the ends for which it was established, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it, and to institute a new government." Deeming the Government of Great Britain to have become destructive of these ends, they declared that the Colonies "are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved."
In pursuance of this Declaration of Independence, each of the thirteen States proceeded to exercise its separate sovereignty; adopted for itself a Constitution, and appointed officers for the administration of government in all its departments-- Legislative, Executive and Judicial. For purposes of defense, they united their arms and their counsels; and, in 1778, they entered into a League known as the Articles of Confederation, whereby they agreed to entrust the administration of their external relations to a common agent, known as the Congress of the United States, expressly declaring, in the first Article "that each State retains its sovereignty, freedom and independence, and every power, jurisdiction and right which is not, by this Confederation, expressly delegated to the United States in Congress assembled."
Under this Confederation the war of the Revolution was carried on, and on the 3rd of September, 1783, the contest ended, and a definite Treaty was signed by Great Britain, in which she acknowledged the independence of the Colonies in the following terms: "ARTICLE 1-- His Britannic Majesty acknowledges the said United States, viz: New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia, to be FREE, SOVEREIGN AND INDEPENDENT STATES; that he treats with them as such; and for himself, his heirs and successors, relinquishes all claims to the government, propriety and territorial rights of the same and every part thereof."
Thus were established the two great principles asserted by the Colonies, namely: the right of a State to govern itself; and the right of a people to abolish a Government when it becomes destructive of the ends for which it was instituted. And concurrent with the establishment of these principles, was the fact, that each Colony became and was recognized by the mother Country a FREE, SOVEREIGN AND INDEPENDENT STATE.
In 1787, Deputies were appointed by the States to revise the Articles of Confederation, and on 17th September, 1787, these Deputies recommended for the adoption of the States, the Articles of Union, known as the Constitution of the United States.
The parties to whom this Constitution was submitted, were the several sovereign States; they were to agree or disagree, and when nine of them agreed the compact was to take effect among those concurring; and the General Government, as the common agent, was then invested with their authority.
If only nine of the thirteen States had concurred, the other four would have remained as they then were-- separate, sovereign States, independent of any of the provisions of the Constitution. In fact, two of the States did not accede to the Constitution until long after it had gone into operation among the other eleven; and during that interval, they each exercised the functions of an independent nation.
By this Constitution, certain duties were imposed upon the several States, and the exercise of certain of their powers was restrained, which necessarily implied their continued existence as sovereign States. But to remove all doubt, an amendment was added, which declared that the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States, respectively, or to the people. On the 23d May , 1788, South Carolina, by a Convention of her People, passed an Ordinance assenting to this Constitution, and afterwards altered her own Constitution, to conform herself to the obligations she had undertaken.
Thus was established, by compact between the States, a Government with definite objects and powers, limited to the express words of the grant. This limitation left the whole remaining mass of power subject to the clause reserving it to the States or to the people, and rendered unnecessary any specification of reserved rights.
We hold that the Government thus established is subject to the two great principles asserted in the Declaration of Independence; and we hold further, that the mode of its formation subjects it to a third fundamental principle, namely: the law of compact. We maintain that in every compact between two or more parties, the obligation is mutual; that the failure of one of the contracting parties to perform a material part of the agreement, entirely releases the obligation of the other; and that where no arbiter is provided, each party is remitted to his own judgment to determine the fact of failure, with all its consequences.
In the present case, that fact is established with certainty. We assert that fourteen of the States have deliberately refused, for years past, to fulfill their constitutional obligations, and we refer to their own Statutes for the proof.
The Constitution of the United States, in its fourth Article, provides as follows: "No person held to service or labor in one State, under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up, on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due."
This stipulation was so material to the compact, that without it that compact would not have been made. The greater number of the contracting parties held slaves, and they had previously evinced their estimate of the value of such a stipulation by making it a condition in the Ordinance for the government of the territory ceded by Virginia, which now composes the States north of the Ohio River.
The same article of the Constitution stipulates also for rendition by the several States of fugitives from justice from the other States.
I can't put up the rest but you get the idea, Buck is right!
Certainly, it is a world of scarcity. But the scarcity is not confined to iron ore and arable land. The most constricting scarcities are those of character and personality.
--William R. Allen
Confederate States of America - Declaration of the Immediate Causes Which Induce and Justify the Secession of South Carolina from the Federal Union
The people of the State of South Carolina, in Convention assembled, on the 26th day of April, A.D., 1852, declared that the frequent violations of the Constitution of the United States, by the Federal Government, and its encroachments upon the reserved rights of the States, fully justified this State in then withdrawing from the Federal Union; but in deference to the opinions and wishes of the other slaveholding States, she forbore at that time to exercise this right. Since that time, these encroachments have continued to increase, and further forbearance ceases to be a virtue.
And now the State of South Carolina having resumed her separate and equal place among nations, deems it due to herself, to the remaining United States of America, and to the nations of the world, that she should declare the immediate causes which have led to this act.
In the year 1765, that portion of the British Empire embracing Great Britain, undertook to make laws for the government of that portion composed of the thirteen American Colonies. A struggle for the right of self-government ensued, which resulted, on the 4th of July, 1776, in a Declaration, by the Colonies, "that they are, and of right ought to be, FREE AND INDEPENDENT STATES; and that, as free and independent States, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and to do all other acts and things which independent States may of right do."
They further solemnly declared that whenever any "form of government becomes destructive of the ends for which it was established, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it, and to institute a new government." Deeming the Government of Great Britain to have become destructive of these ends, they declared that the Colonies "are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved."
In pursuance of this Declaration of Independence, each of the thirteen States proceeded to exercise its separate sovereignty; adopted for itself a Constitution, and appointed officers for the administration of government in all its departments-- Legislative, Executive and Judicial. For purposes of defense, they united their arms and their counsels; and, in 1778, they entered into a League known as the Articles of Confederation, whereby they agreed to entrust the administration of their external relations to a common agent, known as the Congress of the United States, expressly declaring, in the first Article "that each State retains its sovereignty, freedom and independence, and every power, jurisdiction and right which is not, by this Confederation, expressly delegated to the United States in Congress assembled."
Under this Confederation the war of the Revolution was carried on, and on the 3rd of September, 1783, the contest ended, and a definite Treaty was signed by Great Britain, in which she acknowledged the independence of the Colonies in the following terms: "ARTICLE 1-- His Britannic Majesty acknowledges the said United States, viz: New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia, to be FREE, SOVEREIGN AND INDEPENDENT STATES; that he treats with them as such; and for himself, his heirs and successors, relinquishes all claims to the government, propriety and territorial rights of the same and every part thereof."
Thus were established the two great principles asserted by the Colonies, namely: the right of a State to govern itself; and the right of a people to abolish a Government when it becomes destructive of the ends for which it was instituted. And concurrent with the establishment of these principles, was the fact, that each Colony became and was recognized by the mother Country a FREE, SOVEREIGN AND INDEPENDENT STATE.
In 1787, Deputies were appointed by the States to revise the Articles of Confederation, and on 17th September, 1787, these Deputies recommended for the adoption of the States, the Articles of Union, known as the Constitution of the United States.
The parties to whom this Constitution was submitted, were the several sovereign States; they were to agree or disagree, and when nine of them agreed the compact was to take effect among those concurring; and the General Government, as the common agent, was then invested with their authority.
If only nine of the thirteen States had concurred, the other four would have remained as they then were-- separate, sovereign States, independent of any of the provisions of the Constitution. In fact, two of the States did not accede to the Constitution until long after it had gone into operation among the other eleven; and during that interval, they each exercised the functions of an independent nation.
By this Constitution, certain duties were imposed upon the several States, and the exercise of certain of their powers was restrained, which necessarily implied their continued existence as sovereign States. But to remove all doubt, an amendment was added, which declared that the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States, respectively, or to the people. On the 23d May , 1788, South Carolina, by a Convention of her People, passed an Ordinance assenting to this Constitution, and afterwards altered her own Constitution, to conform herself to the obligations she had undertaken.
Thus was established, by compact between the States, a Government with definite objects and powers, limited to the express words of the grant. This limitation left the whole remaining mass of power subject to the clause reserving it to the States or to the people, and rendered unnecessary any specification of reserved rights.
We hold that the Government thus established is subject to the two great principles asserted in the Declaration of Independence; and we hold further, that the mode of its formation subjects it to a third fundamental principle, namely: the law of compact. We maintain that in every compact between two or more parties, the obligation is mutual; that the failure of one of the contracting parties to perform a material part of the agreement, entirely releases the obligation of the other; and that where no arbiter is provided, each party is remitted to his own judgment to determine the fact of failure, with all its consequences.
In the present case, that fact is established with certainty. We assert that fourteen of the States have deliberately refused, for years past, to fulfill their constitutional obligations, and we refer to their own Statutes for the proof.
The Constitution of the United States, in its fourth Article, provides as follows: "No person held to service or labor in one State, under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up, on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due."
This stipulation was so material to the compact, that without it that compact would not have been made. The greater number of the contracting parties held slaves, and they had previously evinced their estimate of the value of such a stipulation by making it a condition in the Ordinance for the government of the territory ceded by Virginia, which now composes the States north of the Ohio River.
The same article of the Constitution stipulates also for rendition by the several States of fugitives from justice from the other States.
I can't put up the rest but you get the idea, Buck is right!
Certainly, it is a world of scarcity. But the scarcity is not confined to iron ore and arable land. The most constricting scarcities are those of character and personality.
--William R. Allen
UncleBuck
Well-Known Member
if the south was all about "states rights", why did they perform the biggest federal power grab ever at the time and force every single state in the north to conform to their will via the fugitive slave act?
Kush Knight
Well-Known Member
Answer is, everyone had their own agendas! lol
Canna Sylvan
Well-Known Member
I read that the North wasn't against slavery, but feared a build up of a black population, because they weren't an agrarian society like the South. Brutal treatment of slaves isn't possible out in the open. Slaves were more like rich people's pets(in the North). It's similar psychology to why livestock animal abuse is overlooked by most of society, but people get a conniption when you put a dog in a carrier on the roof of a car.
Doer
Well-Known Member
And why would one own slaves?
Doer
Well-Known Member
Today Buck, do you think everyone can be forced to conform? Of course not. The North hardly conformed. They had their race hate, in the mix. The North did not want those uppity types. Forced? Poppycock. It was an easy sell.if the south was all about "states rights", why did they perform the biggest federal power grab ever at the time and force every single state in the north to conform to their will via the fugitive slave act?
That Fugitive Slave Act, lead directly to the Emancipation Proclamation and the subsequent Amendment.
Yet, had the North been willing to absorb a vast migration of runaway slaves, protected by Federal might against the South, there would not have been a Civil War. If the slaves were Irish, and not black it would have been a lot different.
However, the North needed cotton and was not willing to drain the South of Labor, and let loose all these escaped men, among their women.
It is ALL human nature. History is written to hide the human nature of the victors.
Doer
Well-Known Member
Choo
Well-Known Member
Yes, they got the fugitive slave act passed which gave RIGHTS to the southern states to retrieve their slaves! i.e. States rights. When Northern states started violating this agreement the Southern states got pissed and seceded. Bottom line it was all about the immoral practice of slavery. The southern states treated slaves NOT as humans but as property to be bought, sold or even disposed of, any way they chose. Slaves had NO rights or protections. If a slave owner got mad at a slave he might whip him to death and no one blinked an eye. People can talk about good slave owners and I'm sure there were a few but bottom line is human beings were raped, murdered, and tortured and it was legal. The sad thing is that slavery is STILL practiced in the world.if the south was all about "states rights", why did they perform the biggest federal power grab ever at the time and force every single state in the north to conform to their will via the fugitive slave act?
UncleBuck
Well-Known Member
not before deciding that states rights were only for southern states who wanted to enslave people and making all the northern states abide by their wishes.
biggest federal power grab ever at the time, and it belonged to those who claimed to believe in states rights.
it's as funny as when anti-government tea party candidates like joe miller use the federal government to contest an election outcome that they didn't like.
Choo
Well-Known Member
Nah, it's as funny as when Democrat candidates like Al Gore hold up a national election searching for imaginary hanging chads and lose anyway. The four counties he asked for recounts in would have all been Bush's anyway so it was a waste of our time and money.
Padawanbater2
Well-Known Member
Gertrud Scholtz-Klink
Absolutely fucking crazy..
Member of the Nazi party, leader of the National Socialist Women's League, born in 1902, died in 1999.
"She married a factory worker at the age of eighteen and had six children before he died.
Scholtz-Klink joined the Nazi Party and by 1929 became leader of the women's section in Berlin. In 1932, Scholtz-Klink married Guenther Scholtz, a country doctor (divorced in 1938 ).
When Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933, he appointed Scholtz-Klink as Reich's Women's Führerin and head of the Nazi Women's League. A good orator, her main task was to promote male superiority, the joys of home labour and the importance of child-bearing. In one speech, she pointed out that "the mission of woman is to minister in the home and in her profession to the needs of life from the first to last moment of man's existence."
Despite her own position, Scholtz-Klink spoke against the participation of women in politics, and took the female politicians in Germany of the Weimar Republic as a bad example, saying, "Anyone who has seen the Communist and Social Democratic women scream on the street and the parliament, realize that such an activity is not something which is done by a true woman". She claimed that for a woman to be involved in politics, she would either have to "become like a man", which would "shame her sex", or "behave like a woman", which would prevent her from achieving anything.
In July 1936, Scholtz-Klink was appointed as head of the Woman's Bureau in the German Labor Front, with the responsibility of persuading women to work for the benefit of the Nazi government. In 1938, she argued that "the German woman must work and work, physically and mentally she must renounce luxury and pleasure", though she herself enjoyed a comfortable material existence.
Scholtz-Klink was usually left out of the more important meetings in the male-dominated society of the Third Reich, and was considered to be a figurehead. She did, however, have the influence over women in the party as Hitler had over everyone else.
By 1940, Scholtz-Klink was married to her third husband SS-Obergruppenführer August Heissmeyer, and made frequent trips to visit women at Political Concentration Camps."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrud_Scholtz-Klink
BarnBuster
Virtually Unknown Member
The American Aerospace Industry During World War II
The U.S. aircraft industry experienced huge growth during World War II. Moreover, its achievements, some claim, were as important to Allied victory as the military successes on the battlefield. American industry was fortunate in that it could operate without threat of air bombardment or other military damage to factories and without shortages of critical materials. And the industry used those advantages fully.
The statistics are remarkable. During 1939-1945, the industry became the largest single industry in the world and rose from 41st place to first among industries in the United States. From 1939, when fewer than 6,000 planes a year were being produced, the industry doubled production in 1940 and doubled it again in 1941 and 1942. In the first half of 1941, it produced 7,433 aircraft, more than had been produced in all of 1940. From January 1, 1940, until V-J Day on August 14, 1945, more than 300,000 military aircraft were produced for the U.S. military and the Allies—with almost 275,000 after Pearl Harbor. In the peak production month of March 1944, more than 9,000 aircraft came off the assembly lines. By the spring of 1944, more aircraft were being built than could be used and production began to be curtailed.
By the end of 1943, 81 production plants were in operation for aircraft bodies (airframes), engines, and propellers, with another five plants in Canada. Total factory space, including engine and propeller production, was 175 million square feet (16 million square meters). Peak workforce, reached at the end of 1943, was 2,102,000. The dollar value of the industry's 1939 output rose from $225 million to some $16 billion for 1944.
The aircraft industry also became national. In 1940, 87 percent of airframe manufacturers, measured in square feet of floor space were located in five states, with 65 percent along or near one of the coasts. California alone had 44 percent. Close to three-quarters of engine and propellers producers were concentrated in just three states. In contrast, in 1944, 12 states shared 85 percent of airframe floor space, and California had dropped to 24 percent. Engine and propeller manufacturing had also decentralized. Most wartime expansion took place inland due to concerns over coastal attacks.
Although neutral, the United States slowly started gearing up for war after the November 1938 Munich Conference. President Franklin Roosevelt ordered a preparedness program and an Air Force of some 10,000 planes. From 1939, both the Air Corps and Navy began expanding. Legislation passed in 1939 authorized the Army Air Corps to develop and procure 6,000 new planes, increase personnel to 3,200 officers and 45,000 enlisted, and appropriate $300 million.
A large portion of early aircraft production was exported. On March 25, 1940, U.S. industry was authorized to sell freely to friendly nations. During the spring of 1940, British and French orders totaled more planes than the U.S. government had authorized for its own military in all of 1939. Lend-Lease, from 1941, also increased the number of aircraft going abroad.
In May 1940, President Roosevelt stated that he wanted the U.S. aircraft industry able to turn out at least 50,000 planes a year. This involved expanding from little more than 2,000 planes per year to 4,000 per month.
The government developed programs to expand production capacity. First the Emergency Plant Facilities program and then the Defense Plant Corporation (DPC) were established to help construct new plants. The DPC, established in August 1940, built, equipped, and held title to several aircraft assembly plants, which then were leased to the manufacturers. These included new plants for Fisher Body, Douglas, and Bell companies, all located inland, and eightfold expansion of the Curtiss-Wright St. Louis plant. Engine plants were financed as well.
The automobile and related industries accounted for a major portion of aircraft production. The Automotive Council for War Production, formed at the end of 1941, coordinated and fostered cooperation within the industry relating to aircraft production. Automobile production was suspended entirely in 1942, and the industry's total capacity went to the war effort, with a major part of that to aircraft.
Automobile manufacturers assumed that automobile assembly-line methods would translate to aircraft manufacturing. They soon learned, however, that these techniques needed to be modified. Aircraft required large open-bay factory layouts, since they extended physically in all directions. Aircraft were also more complex to produce and required far more precision than motorcars.
There was also the problem of reconciling standardization of parts and the need for large production volume with necessary design changes. Designs were often frozen to expedite production and many aircraft were completed with flaws, which had to be fixed before aircraft could be used. To deal with this, manufacturers operated major modification centers. Changes were also needed based on front-line experience and the armed forces had centers to refit planes. Even so, additional changes were often made when planes reached front-line bases.
After much effort, aircraft production largely succeeded in shifting from the "job shop," where parts were built in batches, to assembly line production. The Ford Willow Run plant near Detroit, Michigan, was the largest and most successful example. Eventually, the enormous plant reached remarkable levels of production, turning out 5,476 B-24 bombers in 1944-45. In 1944, Willow Run alone produced 92 million pounds of airframe weight—more than half of Germany's total annual production and nearly equal to Japan's 12-month total.
Perhaps the industry's greatest achievement after the sheer quantities produced was its ability to design, produce, and service new combat aircraft after the war had begun. The B-29 Superfortress, A-26 Invader, P-51 Mustang, P-61 Black Widow, F6F Hellcat, and P-47 were newly designed and produced during the war. One example, the P-51 Mustang, resulted from a proposal by North American Aviation in 1940 for an entirely new plane designed to British specifications. And when the Merlin engine replaced the Allison engine, the plane became arguably the outstanding U.S. fighter of the war.
Organizing production also was critical. The Office of Production Management succeeded the National Defense Advisory Commission in 1941, and had responsibility for plant site selection. Its Aircraft Division's first task was to involve the automobile industry in aircraft production. In January 1942, the War Production Board was established, succeeding the Supplies, Priorities, and Allocations Board. The Air Technical Service Command (ATSC), formed on September 1, 1944, merged the Materiel Command and the Air Service Command and combined procurement and production, removing several layers of management in the process. Its Procurement Division managed all aircraft production.
West and East Coast manufacturers each set up their own organizations to coordinate production. In April 1943, the National Aircraft War Production Council was established to share technical reports between the two regional groups. It also effectively maintained communication among the War Production Board and the War and Navy departments.
Finding enough workers was difficult. Industry and the armed forces competed for the same men. One result was that women aircraft workers—idealized by the image of "Rosie the Riveter"—were employed in large numbers for the first time. Tens of thousands were hired, helping to swell the aircraft industry labor force to 2.1 million workers by the end of 1943.
Beginning in the spring of 1942, factories ran 24 hours a day, six to seven days a week. Aircraft production became more efficient. In 1941, 55,000 individual work hours were needed to turn out a B-17. By 1944, this had dropped to 19,000 hours.
Most light aircraft producers shifted over to war production. They worked as subcontractors, produced aircraft designed by other companies, and built military versions of their civilian designs. The industry produced flight trainers for crews of larger transports and bombers. They also produced drab olive versions of light planes for transporting officers and important wartime personnel. The wartime "Grasshopper" fleet used versatile and maneuverable planes like the Piper Cub J-3 for front-line service in liaison work, observation, artillery spotting, and evacuation of the wounded.
The wartime achievements of the aircraft industry rank among America's most notable accomplishments. From a rather small beginning, the industry, aided by a huge governmental effort, grew to become the largest industry in the world and was a major factor in Allied victory.
BarnBuster
Virtually Unknown Member
Louis Pasteur, (born December 27, 1822, Dole, France—died September 28, 1895, Saint-Cloud), French chemist and microbiologist who was one of the most important founders of medical microbiology. Pasteur’s contributions to science, technology, and medicine are nearly without precedent. He pioneered the study of molecular asymmetry; discovered that microorganisms cause fermentation and disease; originated the process of pasteurization; saved the beer, wine, and silk industries in France; and developed vaccines against anthrax and rabies.
Pasteur’s academic positions were numerous, and his scientific accomplishments earned him France’s highest decoration, the Legion of Honour, as well as election to the Académie des Sciences and many other distinctions. Today there are some 30 institutes and an impressive number of hospitals, schools, buildings, and streets that bear his name—a set of honours bestowed on few scientists
Pasteur was the first to recognize variability in virulence. Today this concept remains relevant to the study of infectious disease, especially with regard to understanding the emergence of diseases such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).