Does anyone have a spare million or two laying around?
The Ultimate Grow House
Forget the greenhouse! This yellow and PURPLE house could solve food shortages by boosting plant growth with LED lights
- Next-generation greenhouses use specific wavelengths of light to boost the growth, taste and even shelf life
- Experts discovered that plants do not require the full spectrum of colours contained in ordinary daylight to grow, and have created a tailormade colour palette required to enhance the whole process of food production
- LEDs have added advantage of giving off little heat, enabling the plants to be stacked in racks for added production
By
Sarah Griffiths for MailOnline
Published: 06:28 EST, 24 February 2015 | Updated: 07:30 EST, 24 February 2015
British scientists have developed sunlight-free greenhouses that could help boost food production in towns and cities.
The next-generation houses use specific wavelengths of light to boost the growth, taste and even the shelf life of fruits and vegetables.
Experts discovered that plants do not require the full spectrum of colours contained in ordinary daylight to grow and have created a tailormade colour palette of red and blue light that is required to enhance the whole process of food production.
Psychedelic: The new greenhouses use specific wavelengths of light to boost the growth, taste and even the shelf life of fruits and vegetables. The purple light is a specially calculated mixture of red and blue LEDS that makes plants thrive
Biologists at the Stockbridge Technology Centre (STC) found that plants exposed to a carefully calculated cocktail of red and blue light thrived at their state-of-the-art 10,000 square feet (929 square metre) research facility near Selby in North Yorkshire.
They discovered they are in control of the growing habits of plants and are able to increase yield and even boost flavour, using coloured bulbs.
LEDs also have the added advantage of giving off little heat, enabling the plants to be stacked in racks for added production.
Currently only half of food eaten in the UK is grown here, but the technology means that fruit could be produced using colourful LEDs in disused buildings and abandoned warehouses, instead of being imported from sun-drenched countries like Spain and Italy, for example.
Scientists hope the indoor greenhouses could be set up in populated urban areas, not only saving on space but allowing produce to get onto shop shelves much quicker, meaning that it would be fresher.
Project leader Dr Martin McPherson, who is science director of the STC, said: ‘Rather than having relatively short seasons for growing crops you could grow them all year round, and there's not much you can't grow once you've set up a facility with these LED lights.
See inside the next generation yellow and PURPLE house
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Urban farm of future? Experts discovered that plants do not require the full spectrum of colours contained in ordinary daylight to grow, and have created a tailormade colour palette required to enhance the whole process of food production. Because of this, urban farms could be set up inside derelict warehouses, for example
A bright idea: Dr Martin McPherson (pictured right) explained that the centre uses blue, reed and ‘far-red’ lights (shown in both images) to control plant growth. He believes that the lighting changes the shape of plants and their habits
WHAT MIGHT URBAN FARMS OF THE FUTURE LOOK LIKE?
A cocktail of coloured light produced by LEDS could be used instead of sunlight to grow fruit and vegetables.
Because no natural light is required, farms could be set up in warehouses and derelict buildings, for example.
Plants would likely be stacked in racks, because LEDS don’t give off much heat.
Food grown in such conditions may taste better, as scientists think the method can boost flavour, as well as increasing yields.
In-demand products could also be grown all year round and packed with extra nutrients.
Fruit and vegetables would be fresher if they are grown in cities, instead of being imported.
Scientists could change the colour of plants and vegetables as well as their taste, so you may be eating yellow carrots, in the future.
‘And because the crops can be grown closer to shops the shelf life is automatically improved.
‘There is a huge amount of interest from growers because this technology is potentially a game changer.’
Because LEDs draw much less electricity than standard sodium lights the potential is there for growers to save huge amounts of money.
Dr McPherson teamed up with electronics giant Philips to create the research centre - the only one of its kind in the UK.
‘About four years ago I was out in Holland at a science exhibition when I saw that a couple of the big electronics companies were starting to market LED lighting for horticulture,’ he said.
‘It occurred to me at the time that this could be the key to kickstarting urban farming in the UK.
‘We held talks with Philips, one thing led to another and we created a 1,000 square metre "city farm" in a warehouse at the STC.
‘We began growing crops by cutting out natural sunlight and instead used energy from the sun through solar technology including coloured lights.
‘Plants don't need the full spectrum of light they get from the sun so by using coloured lighting you can cut out the component parts you need and use them more efficiently.’
He explained that the centre uses blue, reed and ‘far-red’ lights to control plant growth. ‘Once you cut out sunlight you start to learn the science behind it all.’
He believes that the lighting changes the shape of plants and their habits.
‘We can keep plants compact so no chemicals are needed, we can change the colour of plants and vegetables, and we can even change the taste,’ he said.
‘With lettuce for example, there is a strong market for red lettuce but during the winter months in the UK there is not enough blue light in sunlight for the plants to develop red leaves.
‘We can achieve those results in a warehouse just by flicking a switch. Potentially we can even change the nutrition of fruit and vegetables to improve them.’
The team of scientists at the centre are motivated to create new farming methods, because of the threat of climate change as well as a rising global population that needs feeding.
Precise: Using LED lights, scientists at the Stockbridge Technology Centre have fed the plants a carefully calculated cocktail of red and blue light (computer program pictured). Dr McPherson teamed up with electronics giant Philips to create the research centre - the only one of its kind in the UK
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