LED Technology has come a long way in the last two years. When choosing and LED light there are certain crucial elements. Here they are:
1)
LED Chip: You will get many companies advertising that they use CREE LED in their lights. They don't. CREE do not manufacture an LED in the Blue or Red spectra used for growing. Look for the two main players BridgeLux (USA) and Epistar (Taiwan). BridgeLux only make LEDs suitable for Blue wavelengths, Epistar make Red. These are top quality LEDs.
2)
Diode Type: The most efficient LED in the world is the 1W High Powered 10mm diode. 2W and 3W chips will give off more individual intensity but are FAR less efficient. Therefore a light with 100 1W LEDs is putting out much more PAR than a light with 33 x 3W LEDs.
3)
Wavelength: You need to target Chlorophyll and Carotenoid peaks. Do not go overboard with the number of wavelengths. This is counterproductive and will defeat the object of targetting wavelength. 5 bands is what you will need. Any more and you are merely wasting light and not devoting enough to your important peak wavelengths. You have to keep an eye on your peak ratios.
4)
Beam Angle: This will differ slightly depending on which power diode your light uses but with a 1W High Powered light 30° maximum.
5)
Heat Dissipation: The chips MUST be kept cool. Good heat dissipation is crucial. The larger the surface area and distance between LEDs the easier this is.
There are other details like power supply quality but these are the important basics you must get right.
With regards to yield, here is the rule-of-thumb.
Don't expect your 120W LED to outperform a 400W HPS. It won't. At best, and this is coming from the developer of probably the most efficient units out there, your LED will compare 1:2 ratio. 300W LED to replace 600W HPS. Watt for Watt, quality LEDs are far superior, but unscrupulous manufacturers have been advertising erroneous stats and giving the business a bad name. When we install LED systems for commercial operations we use 1:2 ratio as a minimum.
LEDs are perfect for SCROG. Go 1:2 on a SCROG grow with CO2 (you don't need to exhaust heat constantly so you can run a sealed grow) and you will get exceptional results.
Any questions I am happy to answer
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