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Flag of Alabama
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Flag of Alabama
Adopted November 13, 1895 Design Crimson cross of St. Andrew in a field of white The current flag of the state of Alabama (the second in the state's history) was adopted by Act 383 of the Alabama state legislature on February 16, 1895:
The flag of the State of Alabama shall be a crimson cross of St. Andrew on a field of white. The bars forming the cross shall be not less than six inches broad, and must extend diagonally across the flag from side to side." - (Code 1896, §3751; Code 1907, §2058; Code 1923, §2995; Code 1940, T. 55, §5.) The cross of St. Andrew referred to in the law is a diagonal cross, known in vexillology as a saltire. Because the bars must be at least six inches wide, small representations of the Alabama flag do not meet the legal definition.
Contents
[hide]
[edit] History
[edit] 1861 flag
Obverse of the 1861 flag of Alabama
Reverse of the 1861 flag of Alabama
On January 11, 1861, the Alabama Secession Convention passed a resolution designating an official flag. Designed by several women from Montgomery, final touches were made by Francis Corra of that city.[1] One side of the flag displayed the "Goddess of Liberty" holding an unsheathed sword in her right hand; in her left she held a small blue flag with one gold star. Above the gold star appears the text "Alabama" in all capital letters. In an arch above this figure were the words "Independent Now and Forever".[2] The reverse side of the flag had a cotton plant with a coiled rattlesnake. The text "Noli Me Tangere", ("Touch Me Not" in Latin), was placed below the cotton plant.
This flag was sent to the governor's office on February 10, 1861. Due to damage from severe weather, the flag was never flown again.[clarification needed]
[edit] Current flag
Flag of the Confederate States of America, adopted 1865.
It is sometimes believed that the crimson saltire of the current flag of Alabama was designed to resemble the blue saltire of the Confederate Battle Flag. Many battle flags were square, and the flag of Alabama is sometimes also depicted as square. The legislation that created the state flag did not specify if the flag was to be square or rectangular, however.[3] The authors of a 1917 article in National Geographic expressed their opinion that because the Alabama flag was based on the Battle Flag, it should be square.[4] In 1987, the office of Alabama Attorney General Don Siegelman issued an opinion in which the Battle Flag derivation is repeated, but concluded that the proper shape is rectangular, as it had been depicted numerous times in official publications and reproductions;[5] despite this, the flag is still depicted as being square, even in official publications of the U.S. federal government.[6]
The Spanish Cross of Burgundy, used in most of Alabama until the 1800s.
However, the saltire design of the Alabama state flag also resembles that of several other flags. It is almost identical to St. Patrick's flag, occasionally used as a symbol of Ireland, and the flag of Florida, which has its heritage in the Spanish Cross of Burgundy flag. Portions of Alabama were originally part of Florida and, subsequently, West Florida. Although Alabama's adoption of its flag design predates that of Florida's by five years, current legislation describes its red saltire as St. Andrew's cross. The crimson Spanish Cross of Burgundy represents the cross on which St. Andrew was crucified.
Another remote, but possible inspiration was the flag carried by Co. "F", 7th Alabama Cavalry. The regiment was the only Alabama regiment in Rucker's Brigade, commanded by Col. Edmund Rucker of Tennessee (later Alabama), who became a prominent Montgomery businessman after the war. The flag of Rucker's brigade utilized a white background with a red saltire charged with 13 blue/green stars. This flag was given to Co. "F", 7th Alabama Cavalry by Rucker so that they might act as his Color Guard, and is held by the Alabama Department of Archives and History as part of its Alabama Civil War Period Flag Collection.[7] But the flag carried by Co. F 7th Alabama was not an Alabama flag, it was the flag made for Rucker's Brigade a month before the 7th joined his brigade; the 7th was color party only after September 24, 1864. A bunting flag that exists, in the white and red configuration with 13 blue stars, is not believed to be Alabama-associated, but rather to be tied to Rucker's Brigade, as well.
[edit] Governor's flag
Standard of the governor of Alabama
The flag of the governor of Alabama is a variant of the state flag. In the top saltire, the flag displays the state coat of arms. The bottom saltire contains the state military crest which consists of a cotton plant with full bursting boll.
[edit] See also
Alabama portal
[edit] External links
States
Alabama · Alaska · Arizona · Arkansas · California · Colorado · Connecticut · Delaware · Florida · Georgia · Hawaii · Idaho · Illinois · Indiana · Iowa · Kansas · Kentucky · Louisiana · Maine · Maryland · Massachusetts · Michigan · Minnesota · Mississippi · Missouri · Montana · Nebraska · Nevada · New Hampshire · New Jersey · New Mexico · New York · North Carolina · North Dakota · Ohio · Oklahoma · Oregon · Pennsylvania · Rhode Island · South Carolina · South Dakota · Tennessee · Texas · Utah · Vermont · Virginia · Washington · West Virginia · Wisconsin · Wyoming
Federal district
Washington, D.C. (District of Columbia)
Insular areas
American Samoa · Guam · Northern Mariana Islands · Puerto Rico · U.S. Virgin Islands
Book:Flags of the U.S. states ·
Category:United States state flags ·
Portal:Heraldry
[show]
State of Alabama
Montgomery (capital)
Topics
History · Geography · People · Delegations · Government · Governors · Lieutenant Governors · Metropolitan Areas · Visitor Attractions · National Historic Landmarks
Regions
Atlantic Coastal Plain · Birmingham District · Black Belt · Central Alabama · Cumberland Plateau · Greater Birmingham · Gulf Coastal Plain · Lower Alabama · Mobile Bay · North Alabama · Northeast Alabama · Northwest Alabama · Piedmont · Ridge and Valley · River Region · South Alabama · Tennessee Valley · Wiregrass Region
Metros
Greater Birmingham · Montgomery Metro Area · Mobile Metro Area · Huntsville Metro Area
Larger cities
Anniston · Auburn · Birmingham · Decatur · Dothan · Florence · Gadsden · Hoover · Huntsville · Madison · Mobile · Montgomery · Tuscaloosa
Counties
Autauga · Baldwin · Barbour · Bibb · Blount · Bullock · Butler · Calhoun · Chambers · Cherokee · Chilton · Choctaw · Clarke · Clay · Cleburne · Coffee · Colbert · Conecuh · Coosa · Covington · Crenshaw · Cullman · Dale · Dallas · DeKalb · Elmore · Escambia · Etowah · Fayette · Franklin · Geneva · Greene · Hale · Henry · Houston · Jackson · Jefferson · Lamar · Lauderdale · Lawrence · Lee · Limestone · Lowndes · Macon · Madison · Marengo · Marion · Marshall · Mobile · Monroe · Montgomery · Morgan · Perry · Pickens · Pike · Randolph · Russell · Shelby · St. Clair · Sumter · Talladega · Tallapoosa · Tuscaloosa · Walker · Washington · Wilcox · Winston
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Alabama"
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Categories: United States state flags | Symbols of Alabama | Saltire flags
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Flag of Alabama
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Flag of Alabama
Adopted November 13, 1895 Design Crimson cross of St. Andrew in a field of white The current flag of the state of Alabama (the second in the state's history) was adopted by Act 383 of the Alabama state legislature on February 16, 1895:
The flag of the State of Alabama shall be a crimson cross of St. Andrew on a field of white. The bars forming the cross shall be not less than six inches broad, and must extend diagonally across the flag from side to side." - (Code 1896, §3751; Code 1907, §2058; Code 1923, §2995; Code 1940, T. 55, §5.) The cross of St. Andrew referred to in the law is a diagonal cross, known in vexillology as a saltire. Because the bars must be at least six inches wide, small representations of the Alabama flag do not meet the legal definition.
Contents
[hide]
[edit] History
[edit] 1861 flag
Obverse of the 1861 flag of Alabama
Reverse of the 1861 flag of Alabama
On January 11, 1861, the Alabama Secession Convention passed a resolution designating an official flag. Designed by several women from Montgomery, final touches were made by Francis Corra of that city.[1] One side of the flag displayed the "Goddess of Liberty" holding an unsheathed sword in her right hand; in her left she held a small blue flag with one gold star. Above the gold star appears the text "Alabama" in all capital letters. In an arch above this figure were the words "Independent Now and Forever".[2] The reverse side of the flag had a cotton plant with a coiled rattlesnake. The text "Noli Me Tangere", ("Touch Me Not" in Latin), was placed below the cotton plant.
This flag was sent to the governor's office on February 10, 1861. Due to damage from severe weather, the flag was never flown again.[clarification needed]
[edit] Current flag
Flag of the Confederate States of America, adopted 1865.
It is sometimes believed that the crimson saltire of the current flag of Alabama was designed to resemble the blue saltire of the Confederate Battle Flag. Many battle flags were square, and the flag of Alabama is sometimes also depicted as square. The legislation that created the state flag did not specify if the flag was to be square or rectangular, however.[3] The authors of a 1917 article in National Geographic expressed their opinion that because the Alabama flag was based on the Battle Flag, it should be square.[4] In 1987, the office of Alabama Attorney General Don Siegelman issued an opinion in which the Battle Flag derivation is repeated, but concluded that the proper shape is rectangular, as it had been depicted numerous times in official publications and reproductions;[5] despite this, the flag is still depicted as being square, even in official publications of the U.S. federal government.[6]
The Spanish Cross of Burgundy, used in most of Alabama until the 1800s.
However, the saltire design of the Alabama state flag also resembles that of several other flags. It is almost identical to St. Patrick's flag, occasionally used as a symbol of Ireland, and the flag of Florida, which has its heritage in the Spanish Cross of Burgundy flag. Portions of Alabama were originally part of Florida and, subsequently, West Florida. Although Alabama's adoption of its flag design predates that of Florida's by five years, current legislation describes its red saltire as St. Andrew's cross. The crimson Spanish Cross of Burgundy represents the cross on which St. Andrew was crucified.
Another remote, but possible inspiration was the flag carried by Co. "F", 7th Alabama Cavalry. The regiment was the only Alabama regiment in Rucker's Brigade, commanded by Col. Edmund Rucker of Tennessee (later Alabama), who became a prominent Montgomery businessman after the war. The flag of Rucker's brigade utilized a white background with a red saltire charged with 13 blue/green stars. This flag was given to Co. "F", 7th Alabama Cavalry by Rucker so that they might act as his Color Guard, and is held by the Alabama Department of Archives and History as part of its Alabama Civil War Period Flag Collection.[7] But the flag carried by Co. F 7th Alabama was not an Alabama flag, it was the flag made for Rucker's Brigade a month before the 7th joined his brigade; the 7th was color party only after September 24, 1864. A bunting flag that exists, in the white and red configuration with 13 blue stars, is not believed to be Alabama-associated, but rather to be tied to Rucker's Brigade, as well.
[edit] Governor's flag
Standard of the governor of Alabama
The flag of the governor of Alabama is a variant of the state flag. In the top saltire, the flag displays the state coat of arms. The bottom saltire contains the state military crest which consists of a cotton plant with full bursting boll.
[edit] See also
Alabama portal - Flag of Florida
- Great Seal of the State of Alabama
- State of Alabama
- Symbols of the state of Alabama
- Saint Patrick's Flag
- ^ Robert B. Bradley (2000). "Flags Of The Confederacy - Flags of Alabama". Flags Of The Confederacy. Flags Of The Confederacy. http://www.confederateflags.org/states/FOTCalabama.htm. Retrieved 2007-11-17.
- ^ Alabama Department of Archives & History (2001). "The Secession Convention Flag". http://www.archives.state.al.us/emblems/sessflag.html. Retrieved 2007-11-17.
- ^ Alabama Department of Archives & History (2007). "State Flag of Alabama". http://www.archives.state.al.us/emblems/st_flag.html. Retrieved 2007-11-17.
- ^ *Lt. Commander Byron McCandless & Gilbert Grosvenor. "Flags of the World." National Geographic Magazine. Vol 32. No. 4, pp. 281-420 (October 1917).
- ^ Don Siegelman (1987). "Opinion of Don Siegelman" (PDF). Office of the Attorney General of the State of Alabama. http://www.ago.state.al.us/oldopinions/8700238.pdf. Retrieved 2007-11-17.
- ^ "Our Flag" (PDF). U.S. Government Printing Office. 2007. http://www.gpoaccess.gov/serialset/cdocuments/sd109-18/sd109-18.pdf.
- ^ Flag: Rucker's Brigade (Carried by Co. F, 7th Alabama Cavalry) Catalogue No. 86.1876.1
[edit] External links
- Alabama State Flag at the Alabama Department of Archives & History
States
Alabama · Alaska · Arizona · Arkansas · California · Colorado · Connecticut · Delaware · Florida · Georgia · Hawaii · Idaho · Illinois · Indiana · Iowa · Kansas · Kentucky · Louisiana · Maine · Maryland · Massachusetts · Michigan · Minnesota · Mississippi · Missouri · Montana · Nebraska · Nevada · New Hampshire · New Jersey · New Mexico · New York · North Carolina · North Dakota · Ohio · Oklahoma · Oregon · Pennsylvania · Rhode Island · South Carolina · South Dakota · Tennessee · Texas · Utah · Vermont · Virginia · Washington · West Virginia · Wisconsin · Wyoming
Federal district
Washington, D.C. (District of Columbia)
Insular areas
American Samoa · Guam · Northern Mariana Islands · Puerto Rico · U.S. Virgin Islands
[show]
Montgomery (capital)
Topics
History · Geography · People · Delegations · Government · Governors · Lieutenant Governors · Metropolitan Areas · Visitor Attractions · National Historic Landmarks
Regions
Atlantic Coastal Plain · Birmingham District · Black Belt · Central Alabama · Cumberland Plateau · Greater Birmingham · Gulf Coastal Plain · Lower Alabama · Mobile Bay · North Alabama · Northeast Alabama · Northwest Alabama · Piedmont · Ridge and Valley · River Region · South Alabama · Tennessee Valley · Wiregrass Region
Metros
Greater Birmingham · Montgomery Metro Area · Mobile Metro Area · Huntsville Metro Area
Larger cities
Anniston · Auburn · Birmingham · Decatur · Dothan · Florence · Gadsden · Hoover · Huntsville · Madison · Mobile · Montgomery · Tuscaloosa
Counties
Autauga · Baldwin · Barbour · Bibb · Blount · Bullock · Butler · Calhoun · Chambers · Cherokee · Chilton · Choctaw · Clarke · Clay · Cleburne · Coffee · Colbert · Conecuh · Coosa · Covington · Crenshaw · Cullman · Dale · Dallas · DeKalb · Elmore · Escambia · Etowah · Fayette · Franklin · Geneva · Greene · Hale · Henry · Houston · Jackson · Jefferson · Lamar · Lauderdale · Lawrence · Lee · Limestone · Lowndes · Macon · Madison · Marengo · Marion · Marshall · Mobile · Monroe · Montgomery · Morgan · Perry · Pickens · Pike · Randolph · Russell · Shelby · St. Clair · Sumter · Talladega · Tallapoosa · Tuscaloosa · Walker · Washington · Wilcox · Winston
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Alabama"
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Categories: United States state flags | Symbols of Alabama | Saltire flags
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