Nice Ol Bud
Well-Known Member
IN-DEPTH NUTRIENT GUIDE -by NoB
Here's some notes that I always keep handy. Figure why not share them.
This is very good for newcommers.
BTW, I CANNOT stress enough the critical importance of a pH meter for soil & water if your going to grow.
Ive seen way too many plants die on here cause the lack of funds to get one.
Simple advice.. Do not start a grow if you dont have a meter. END OF STORY.
Here are my notes by the way.
I URGE EVERYONE TO READ THIS, took me some time to put together. And read the law of minimum, its VERY important.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
---Botany Notes---
_________________________________________________________________________
-Leibig's Law of the Minimum-
Often simply called Liebig's Law or the Law of the Minimum, is a principle developed in
agricultural science by Carl Sprengel (182
and later popularized by Justus von Liebig.
It states that growth is controlled not by the total amount of resources available, but by
the scarcest resource (limiting factor). This concept was originally applied to plant or
crop growth, where it was found that increasing the amount of plentiful nutrients did not
increase plant growth. Only by increasing the amount of the limiting nutrient (the one
most scarce in relation to "need") was the growth of a plant or crop improved. This
principle can be summed up in the aphorism, "The availability of the most abundant
nutrient in the soil is as good as the availability of the least abundant nutrient in the soil."
_________________________________________________________________________
-Definitions-
Necrosis:
The premature death of cells in living tissue.
Chlorosis:
A condition in which leaves produce insufficient chlorophyll. As chlorophyll is responsible
for the green colour of leaves, chlorotic leaves are pale, yellow, or yellow-white. The affected
plant has little or no ability to manufacture carbohydrates through photosynthesis and may
die unless treated.
_________________________________________________________________________
-Plant Nutrients-
There are 17 essential plant nutrients. Carbon and oxygen are absorbed from the air,
while other nutrients including water are obtained from the soil. Plants must obtain the
following mineral nutrients from the growing media.
The primary macronutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K).
N – nitrogen: promotes the growth of leaves & vegetation.
P – phosphorus: promotes root & shoot growth.
K – potassium: promotes flowering, fruiting & general hardiness.
The secondary macronutrients such as calcium (Ca), sulphur (S), magnesium (Mg).
The macronutrient Silicon (Si).
& micronutrients or trace minerals: boron (B), chlorine (Cl), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe),
zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), & sodium (Na).
The macronutrients & consumed in larger quantities & are present in plant tissue.
in quantities from 0.2% to 4.0% (on a dry matter weight basis). Micro nutrients are
present in plant tissue in quantities measured in parts per million(ppm), ranging from
5 to 200 ppm, or less than 0.02% dry weight.
_________________________________________________________________________
-Macro Nutrients Indepth-
Carbon(C):
Carbon forms the backbone of many plants biomolecules, including starches & cellulose.
Carbon is fixed through photosynthesis from the carbon dioxide in the air and is a part of
the carbohydrates that store energy in the plant.
Hydrogen(H):
Hydrogen also is necessary for building sugars and building the plant. It is obtained almost
entirely from water. Hydrogen ions are imperative for a proton gradient to help drive the
electron transport chain in photosynthesis & for respiration.
Oxygen(O):
Oxygen is necessary for cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process of generating
energy-rich adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via the consumption of sugars made in
photosynthesis. Plants produce oxygen gas during photosynthesis to produce glucose
but then require oxygen to undergo aerobic cellular respiration & break down this glucose
& produce ATP.
Phosphorus(P):
Phosphorus is needed for the conversion of light energy to chemical energy (ATP) during
photosynthesis. Phosphorus is important for plant growth and flower/seed formation.
Phosphorus is limited in most soils because it is released very slowly from insoluble phosphates.
Under most environmental conditions it is the limiting element because of its small concentration
in soil & high demand by plants & microorganisms. A Phosphorus deficiency in plants is
characterized by an intense green coloration in leaves. If the plant is experiencing high phosphorus
deficiencies the leaves may become denatured & show signs of necrosis. Occasionally the leaves
may appear purple from an accumulation of anthocyanin. Because phosphorus is a mobile nutrient,
older leaves will show the first signs of deficiency.
Potassium(K):
Potassium regulates the opening & closing of the stomata by a potassium ion pump.
Since stomata are important in water regulation, potassium reduces water loss from the leaves
& increases drought tolerance. Potassium deficiency may cause necrosis or interveinal
chlorosis. (K) is highly mobile. It also has high solubility in water & leaches out of soils
that rocky or sandy that can result in potassium deficiency. Potassium deficiency may result
in higher risk of pathogens, wilting, chlorosis, brown spotting, & higher chances of damage
from frost & heat.
Nitrogen(N):
Nitrogen is an essential component of all proteins. Nitrogen deficiency most often results
in stunted growth, slow growth, and chlorosis. Nitrogen deficient plants will also exhibit a
purple appearance on the stems, petioles and underside of leaves. Most of the nitrogen
taken up by plants is from the soil. Because nitrogen is mobile, the older leaves exhibit
chlorosis & necrosis earlier than the younger leaves. Lack of nitrogen causes yellowing
of leaves.
Sulphur(S):
Sulphur is essential in the manufacturing of chloroplasts. It is immobile and deficiency
therefore affects younger tissues first. Symptoms of deficiency include yellowing of leaves
& stunted growth.
Calcium(Ca):
Calcium regulates transport of other nutrients into the plant & is also involved in the
activation of certain plant enzymes. Calcium deficiency results in stunting. If calcium is
deficient, pectin cannot be synthesized, & therefore the cell walls cannot be bonded & thus
an impediment of the meristems. This will lead to necrosis of stem & root tips and leaf edges.
Magnesium(Mg):
Magnesium is an important part of chlorophyll, a critical plant pigment important in
photosynthesis. Magnesium deficiency can result in interveinal chlorosis.
Silicon(Si):
In plants, silicon strengthens cell walls, improving plant strength, health, & productivity.
Other benefits of silicon to plants include improved drought & frost resistance, decreased
lodging potential & boosting the plant's natural pest & disease fighting systems. Silicon
has also been shown to improve plant vigor by improving root mass and density, & increasing
above ground plant biomass & crop yields.
_________________________________________________________________________
-Micro Nutrients Indepth-
Some elements are directly involved in plant metabolism. However, this principle does not
account for the so-called beneficial elements, whose presence, while not required, has clear
positive effects on plant growth. Mineral elements which either stimulate growth but are not
essential or which are essential only for certain plant species, or under given conditions, are
usually defined as beneficial elements.
Iron(Fe):
Iron deficiency can result in interveinal chlorosis & necrosis. Iron is not the structural part
of chlorophyll but very much essential for its synthesis.
Molybdenum(Mo):
Molybdenum is a cofactor to enzymes important in building amino acids. Involved in Nitrogen
metabolism. Mo is part of Nitrate reductase enzyme.
Boron(B):
Boron deficiency causes necrosis in young leaves & stunting.
Copper(Cu):
Copper is important for photosynthesis. Symptoms for copper deficiency include chlorosis.
Manganese(Mn):
Manganese is necessary for building the chloroplasts. Manganese deficiency may result in
coloration abnormalities, such as discolored spots on the foliage.
Zinc(Zn):
A typical symptom of zinc deficiency is the stunted growth of leaves, commonly known as
"little leaf" & is caused by the oxidative degradation of the growth hormone auxin.
Thanks for reading everyone, much love & knowledge to all!
Here's some notes that I always keep handy. Figure why not share them.
This is very good for newcommers.
BTW, I CANNOT stress enough the critical importance of a pH meter for soil & water if your going to grow.
Ive seen way too many plants die on here cause the lack of funds to get one.
Simple advice.. Do not start a grow if you dont have a meter. END OF STORY.
Here are my notes by the way.
I URGE EVERYONE TO READ THIS, took me some time to put together. And read the law of minimum, its VERY important.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
---Botany Notes---
_________________________________________________________________________
-Leibig's Law of the Minimum-
Often simply called Liebig's Law or the Law of the Minimum, is a principle developed in
agricultural science by Carl Sprengel (182
and later popularized by Justus von Liebig. It states that growth is controlled not by the total amount of resources available, but by
the scarcest resource (limiting factor). This concept was originally applied to plant or
crop growth, where it was found that increasing the amount of plentiful nutrients did not
increase plant growth. Only by increasing the amount of the limiting nutrient (the one
most scarce in relation to "need") was the growth of a plant or crop improved. This
principle can be summed up in the aphorism, "The availability of the most abundant
nutrient in the soil is as good as the availability of the least abundant nutrient in the soil."
_________________________________________________________________________
-Definitions-
Necrosis:
The premature death of cells in living tissue.
Chlorosis:
A condition in which leaves produce insufficient chlorophyll. As chlorophyll is responsible
for the green colour of leaves, chlorotic leaves are pale, yellow, or yellow-white. The affected
plant has little or no ability to manufacture carbohydrates through photosynthesis and may
die unless treated.
_________________________________________________________________________
-Plant Nutrients-
There are 17 essential plant nutrients. Carbon and oxygen are absorbed from the air,
while other nutrients including water are obtained from the soil. Plants must obtain the
following mineral nutrients from the growing media.
The primary macronutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K).
N – nitrogen: promotes the growth of leaves & vegetation.
P – phosphorus: promotes root & shoot growth.
K – potassium: promotes flowering, fruiting & general hardiness.
The secondary macronutrients such as calcium (Ca), sulphur (S), magnesium (Mg).
The macronutrient Silicon (Si).
& micronutrients or trace minerals: boron (B), chlorine (Cl), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe),
zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), & sodium (Na).
The macronutrients & consumed in larger quantities & are present in plant tissue.
in quantities from 0.2% to 4.0% (on a dry matter weight basis). Micro nutrients are
present in plant tissue in quantities measured in parts per million(ppm), ranging from
5 to 200 ppm, or less than 0.02% dry weight.
_________________________________________________________________________
-Macro Nutrients Indepth-
Carbon(C):
Carbon forms the backbone of many plants biomolecules, including starches & cellulose.
Carbon is fixed through photosynthesis from the carbon dioxide in the air and is a part of
the carbohydrates that store energy in the plant.
Hydrogen(H):
Hydrogen also is necessary for building sugars and building the plant. It is obtained almost
entirely from water. Hydrogen ions are imperative for a proton gradient to help drive the
electron transport chain in photosynthesis & for respiration.
Oxygen(O):
Oxygen is necessary for cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process of generating
energy-rich adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via the consumption of sugars made in
photosynthesis. Plants produce oxygen gas during photosynthesis to produce glucose
but then require oxygen to undergo aerobic cellular respiration & break down this glucose
& produce ATP.
Phosphorus(P):
Phosphorus is needed for the conversion of light energy to chemical energy (ATP) during
photosynthesis. Phosphorus is important for plant growth and flower/seed formation.
Phosphorus is limited in most soils because it is released very slowly from insoluble phosphates.
Under most environmental conditions it is the limiting element because of its small concentration
in soil & high demand by plants & microorganisms. A Phosphorus deficiency in plants is
characterized by an intense green coloration in leaves. If the plant is experiencing high phosphorus
deficiencies the leaves may become denatured & show signs of necrosis. Occasionally the leaves
may appear purple from an accumulation of anthocyanin. Because phosphorus is a mobile nutrient,
older leaves will show the first signs of deficiency.
Potassium(K):
Potassium regulates the opening & closing of the stomata by a potassium ion pump.
Since stomata are important in water regulation, potassium reduces water loss from the leaves
& increases drought tolerance. Potassium deficiency may cause necrosis or interveinal
chlorosis. (K) is highly mobile. It also has high solubility in water & leaches out of soils
that rocky or sandy that can result in potassium deficiency. Potassium deficiency may result
in higher risk of pathogens, wilting, chlorosis, brown spotting, & higher chances of damage
from frost & heat.
Nitrogen(N):
Nitrogen is an essential component of all proteins. Nitrogen deficiency most often results
in stunted growth, slow growth, and chlorosis. Nitrogen deficient plants will also exhibit a
purple appearance on the stems, petioles and underside of leaves. Most of the nitrogen
taken up by plants is from the soil. Because nitrogen is mobile, the older leaves exhibit
chlorosis & necrosis earlier than the younger leaves. Lack of nitrogen causes yellowing
of leaves.
Sulphur(S):
Sulphur is essential in the manufacturing of chloroplasts. It is immobile and deficiency
therefore affects younger tissues first. Symptoms of deficiency include yellowing of leaves
& stunted growth.
Calcium(Ca):
Calcium regulates transport of other nutrients into the plant & is also involved in the
activation of certain plant enzymes. Calcium deficiency results in stunting. If calcium is
deficient, pectin cannot be synthesized, & therefore the cell walls cannot be bonded & thus
an impediment of the meristems. This will lead to necrosis of stem & root tips and leaf edges.
Magnesium(Mg):
Magnesium is an important part of chlorophyll, a critical plant pigment important in
photosynthesis. Magnesium deficiency can result in interveinal chlorosis.
Silicon(Si):
In plants, silicon strengthens cell walls, improving plant strength, health, & productivity.
Other benefits of silicon to plants include improved drought & frost resistance, decreased
lodging potential & boosting the plant's natural pest & disease fighting systems. Silicon
has also been shown to improve plant vigor by improving root mass and density, & increasing
above ground plant biomass & crop yields.
_________________________________________________________________________
-Micro Nutrients Indepth-
Some elements are directly involved in plant metabolism. However, this principle does not
account for the so-called beneficial elements, whose presence, while not required, has clear
positive effects on plant growth. Mineral elements which either stimulate growth but are not
essential or which are essential only for certain plant species, or under given conditions, are
usually defined as beneficial elements.
Iron(Fe):
Iron deficiency can result in interveinal chlorosis & necrosis. Iron is not the structural part
of chlorophyll but very much essential for its synthesis.
Molybdenum(Mo):
Molybdenum is a cofactor to enzymes important in building amino acids. Involved in Nitrogen
metabolism. Mo is part of Nitrate reductase enzyme.
Boron(B):
Boron deficiency causes necrosis in young leaves & stunting.
Copper(Cu):
Copper is important for photosynthesis. Symptoms for copper deficiency include chlorosis.
Manganese(Mn):
Manganese is necessary for building the chloroplasts. Manganese deficiency may result in
coloration abnormalities, such as discolored spots on the foliage.
Zinc(Zn):
A typical symptom of zinc deficiency is the stunted growth of leaves, commonly known as
"little leaf" & is caused by the oxidative degradation of the growth hormone auxin.
Thanks for reading everyone, much love & knowledge to all!
duh...
. OP you could have saved some time and just posted the above links for newbies to read.
been around a long time.
