I grow my autos at 24/0 until well into veg and then go to 18/6 to 21/3, depending on how much DLI I want them to have. Regardless of the photoperiod, I feed my plants as much light as they can tolerate.
Research demonstrates that cannabis yields increase in an
almost linear manner as light levels increase. Depending on how you want to cost your grow, it's hard to come up with a scenario where increasing the photoperiod is not an economically sound move. The primary reason for that is that, in most places, cannabis is extremely valuable so the marginal increase in cost is significantly outweighed by the marginal increase in income.
I've attached a paper that discusses this issue.
Re increase in crop yield, the "Frontiers…" paper provides additional detail. The change in yield is shown in the table I've created, below:
For each 50µmol of PPFD, increasing PPFD from 600 to 800 showed an increase of 5.2+4.9+4.7+4.5≈20%. Going to 900µmol, resulted in another 8.4% increase for about a 30% improvement in yield by increasing PPFD from 600-900µmol. That's a 50% increase in electricity cost for a 30%± increase in yield. I cost my electricity at 40¢ per KWh and an ounce of weed is at least $300, with premium weed going for at least $500 so the increase is well worth it for me. If I was living in Colored, for example, I'll pack up my tent since weed is so cheap there.