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Cindyguygrower
Well-Known Member
welshwizzard
Well-Known Member
Nice Avi! That the Diaz bros?amen to that
curious old fart
Well-Known Member
they have finally answered our question....
A Scientific Explanation of How Marijuana Causes the Munchies
THC appears to increase our sensitivity to scents and flavors by using naturally occurring neural networks to convince the brain that it's starving
By Joseph Stromberg
smithsonianmag.com
February 9, 2014 6:01PM
It's one of the most well-known effects of marijuana: the powerful surge in appetite many users feel after smoking or ingesting the drug, colloquially known as "the munchies."
Related Content
Is This Chemical a Cure For Marijuana Addiction?
Marijuana Isn’t a Pain Killer—It’s a Pain Distracter
For medicinal users that have trouble eating due to chemotherapy, this can be one of the drug's biggest benefits. For recreational users, this benefit can also be rather enjoyable, if unkind on the waistline. But for years, scientists have struggled to understand how marijuana's active ingredient—tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC—stimulates appetite.
A new study published today in Nature Neuroscience brings us a bit closer to solving the mystery. A team of European neuroscientists led by Giovanni Marsicano of the University of Bordeaux has found that, in mice, THC fits into receptors in the brain's olfactory bulb, significantly increasing the animals' ability to smell food and leading them to eat more of it. A big part of the reason why you might eat more food after using marijuana, the research indicates, is simply that you can smell and taste it more acutely.
This effect of THC has to do with the underlying reason why the chemical affects the human brain so potently in the first place. Likely produced by the marijuana plant as a self-defense against herbivores who might feel disorientated after eating the plant and avoid it in the future, THC fits into receptors that are part of the brain's natural endocannabinoid system, which helps to control emotions, memory, pain sensitivity and appetite. Our brains typically produce their own chemicals (called cannabinoids) that fit into these same receptors, so by mimicking their activity, THC can artificially alter the same factors in dramatic ways.
The scientists began by exposing mice (increasingly used in neuroscientific research because of the surprising amount of cognitive similarities they share with humans) to banana and almond oils as a test of sensitivity to scent. When they did so, the mice sniffed the oils extensively at first, then stopped showing interest in them, a well-known phenomenon called olfactory habituation. Mice that were dosed with THC, however, kept on sniffing, demonstrating an enhanced sensitivity to the scents. These THC-dosed mice also ate much more chow when given the chance, showing an increased appetite.
The researchers also genetically engineered some mice to lack a type of cannabinoid receptor in their olfactory bulbs and subjected them to the same experiment. They found that even if these mice were given THC, it had no effect: They still habituated to the scent, showing that the drug's scent-enhancing powers involved activity in this region of the brain. In addition, these mice did not demonstrate an increased appetite when given the drug, showing that the "munchies" effect was dependent on olfactory lobe activity as well.
The upshot of all this: If mice are an accurate model for humans, one of the ways that THC increases appetite is by making us more sensitive to the smells of food. Because scent and taste are so closely related, it likely allows us to better taste flavors as well.
This new finding is likely just a piece of the THC-and-appetite puzzle. Previous research has found that the drug also acts on receptors in a region of the brain called the nucleus accumbens, increasing the release of the neurotransmitter dopamine—and the sensation of pleasure—that comes as a result of eating while high. Other work has found that THC additionally interacts with the same sorts of receptors in the hypothalamus, leading to release of the hormone ghrelin, which stimulates hunger.
The one aspect that ties together these disparate mechanisms is that they all involve the brain's natural endocannabinoid systems. THC—and, by consequence, marijuana—does much of its work by manipulating the same pathways that the brain uses to normally regulate the senses.
But perhaps most interesting is that the new study hints at a compelling metaphor for the way THC manipulates this natural system: it mimics sensations felt when we're deprived of food. As a final test, the researchers forced some mice to fast for 24 hours, and found that this drove up levels of natural cannabinoids in the olfactory lobe. Not surprisingly, these starved mice showed greater scent sensitivity and ate much more too.
Most intriguing, the genetically engineered mice with olfactory lobes that lacked cannabinoid receptors did not show increased scent sensitivity or appetite even when they were starved. This indicates that both THC and the natural cannabinoids that result from starvation are acting on the same neural pathway to allow us to smell and taste with greater sensitivity, and thus eat more. In other words, THC appears to give us the munchies by convincing our brains that we're starving.
cof
A Scientific Explanation of How Marijuana Causes the Munchies
THC appears to increase our sensitivity to scents and flavors by using naturally occurring neural networks to convince the brain that it's starving
By Joseph Stromberg
smithsonianmag.com
February 9, 2014 6:01PM
It's one of the most well-known effects of marijuana: the powerful surge in appetite many users feel after smoking or ingesting the drug, colloquially known as "the munchies."
Related Content
Is This Chemical a Cure For Marijuana Addiction?
Marijuana Isn’t a Pain Killer—It’s a Pain Distracter
For medicinal users that have trouble eating due to chemotherapy, this can be one of the drug's biggest benefits. For recreational users, this benefit can also be rather enjoyable, if unkind on the waistline. But for years, scientists have struggled to understand how marijuana's active ingredient—tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC—stimulates appetite.
A new study published today in Nature Neuroscience brings us a bit closer to solving the mystery. A team of European neuroscientists led by Giovanni Marsicano of the University of Bordeaux has found that, in mice, THC fits into receptors in the brain's olfactory bulb, significantly increasing the animals' ability to smell food and leading them to eat more of it. A big part of the reason why you might eat more food after using marijuana, the research indicates, is simply that you can smell and taste it more acutely.
This effect of THC has to do with the underlying reason why the chemical affects the human brain so potently in the first place. Likely produced by the marijuana plant as a self-defense against herbivores who might feel disorientated after eating the plant and avoid it in the future, THC fits into receptors that are part of the brain's natural endocannabinoid system, which helps to control emotions, memory, pain sensitivity and appetite. Our brains typically produce their own chemicals (called cannabinoids) that fit into these same receptors, so by mimicking their activity, THC can artificially alter the same factors in dramatic ways.
The scientists began by exposing mice (increasingly used in neuroscientific research because of the surprising amount of cognitive similarities they share with humans) to banana and almond oils as a test of sensitivity to scent. When they did so, the mice sniffed the oils extensively at first, then stopped showing interest in them, a well-known phenomenon called olfactory habituation. Mice that were dosed with THC, however, kept on sniffing, demonstrating an enhanced sensitivity to the scents. These THC-dosed mice also ate much more chow when given the chance, showing an increased appetite.
The researchers also genetically engineered some mice to lack a type of cannabinoid receptor in their olfactory bulbs and subjected them to the same experiment. They found that even if these mice were given THC, it had no effect: They still habituated to the scent, showing that the drug's scent-enhancing powers involved activity in this region of the brain. In addition, these mice did not demonstrate an increased appetite when given the drug, showing that the "munchies" effect was dependent on olfactory lobe activity as well.
The upshot of all this: If mice are an accurate model for humans, one of the ways that THC increases appetite is by making us more sensitive to the smells of food. Because scent and taste are so closely related, it likely allows us to better taste flavors as well.
This new finding is likely just a piece of the THC-and-appetite puzzle. Previous research has found that the drug also acts on receptors in a region of the brain called the nucleus accumbens, increasing the release of the neurotransmitter dopamine—and the sensation of pleasure—that comes as a result of eating while high. Other work has found that THC additionally interacts with the same sorts of receptors in the hypothalamus, leading to release of the hormone ghrelin, which stimulates hunger.
The one aspect that ties together these disparate mechanisms is that they all involve the brain's natural endocannabinoid systems. THC—and, by consequence, marijuana—does much of its work by manipulating the same pathways that the brain uses to normally regulate the senses.
But perhaps most interesting is that the new study hints at a compelling metaphor for the way THC manipulates this natural system: it mimics sensations felt when we're deprived of food. As a final test, the researchers forced some mice to fast for 24 hours, and found that this drove up levels of natural cannabinoids in the olfactory lobe. Not surprisingly, these starved mice showed greater scent sensitivity and ate much more too.
Most intriguing, the genetically engineered mice with olfactory lobes that lacked cannabinoid receptors did not show increased scent sensitivity or appetite even when they were starved. This indicates that both THC and the natural cannabinoids that result from starvation are acting on the same neural pathway to allow us to smell and taste with greater sensitivity, and thus eat more. In other words, THC appears to give us the munchies by convincing our brains that we're starving.
cof
twistedentities
Well-Known Member
Figured id show a few. 600 wt between 22-25 days
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supchaka
Well-Known Member
37 days. 2nd dose of Avalanche and 1 more to go. I'll start harvesting in 2 weeks at 56 days, then one a day up to 63 days.
I can't seem to make it more than 2 days without taking pictures! I'm really gonna try to wait 2 weeks before my next pics!
Heres the girl I burnt a bit, Not nearly as much as in the coco. She'll make it to harvest!
I can't seem to make it more than 2 days without taking pictures! I'm really gonna try to wait 2 weeks before my next pics!
Heres the girl I burnt a bit, Not nearly as much as in the coco. She'll make it to harvest!
Cascadian
Well-Known Member
Su, that looks like a sweet set up! You must have some crazy ventilation going in there.
Not sure how I missed this thread before. I am growing in a 5x5 with a 600HPS open hood. I added a couple 68 true watt CFLs about 2 weeks into flower as well. This was my first indoor grow in 15 years. It was a breeding project and experiment to find some strains that are medicinal as well as those I just enjoy toking. It is just curing to the point I can judge them now.
Getting everything set up took longer than I wanted so the ladies got a bit large for the space, I packed 15 in there. Clones were: Jack Herer, Purple Diesel, Harlequin, Jilly Bean, Sugar Plum. From seed, CBD Crew Sweet and Sour Widow, Jack the Ripper X Purple Urkle, Plushberry X Headband, GDP X Harlequin, and JTR X Harlequin.
So far my favorite smelling and tasting is the GDP X Harlequin. Smells like ripe papaya and has a deep sweet flavor. I can tell it has higher CBD but seems well balanced. Lowest yielding plant and didn't take a clone.
The dried, de-seeded, manicured yield was 12.24 oz better than I thought given I had root aphids, mites, and they were seeded.
Some Pics:
Here is my journal: https://www.rollitup.org/grow-journals/746017-first-grow-15-years-multiple.html
Peace,
Cascadian
Not sure how I missed this thread before. I am growing in a 5x5 with a 600HPS open hood. I added a couple 68 true watt CFLs about 2 weeks into flower as well. This was my first indoor grow in 15 years. It was a breeding project and experiment to find some strains that are medicinal as well as those I just enjoy toking. It is just curing to the point I can judge them now.
Getting everything set up took longer than I wanted so the ladies got a bit large for the space, I packed 15 in there. Clones were: Jack Herer, Purple Diesel, Harlequin, Jilly Bean, Sugar Plum. From seed, CBD Crew Sweet and Sour Widow, Jack the Ripper X Purple Urkle, Plushberry X Headband, GDP X Harlequin, and JTR X Harlequin.
So far my favorite smelling and tasting is the GDP X Harlequin. Smells like ripe papaya and has a deep sweet flavor. I can tell it has higher CBD but seems well balanced. Lowest yielding plant and didn't take a clone.
The dried, de-seeded, manicured yield was 12.24 oz better than I thought given I had root aphids, mites, and they were seeded.
Some Pics:
Here is my journal: https://www.rollitup.org/grow-journals/746017-first-grow-15-years-multiple.html
Peace,
Cascadian
urban1026835
Well-Known Member
helloooooo 6.
How's everyone over here?
Was just tossing some ideas around in the old noggin and wanted to get some input from people who's opinions i value sooooo.
I was thinking about taking the 150 in my tent and running it vert while keeping my 400 horizontal but do not know if it would be as great in real time as it is in my mind.
Anyone run both before???
How's everyone over here?
Was just tossing some ideas around in the old noggin and wanted to get some input from people who's opinions i value sooooo.
I was thinking about taking the 150 in my tent and running it vert while keeping my 400 horizontal but do not know if it would be as great in real time as it is in my mind.
Anyone run both before???
Javadog
Well-Known Member
I have read of this being done and it did make for much
better growth lower down (of course ;0).
I wonder what one could do by hanging one vertical, clustering
plants around it, and then to light it from above by a horizontal.
What sort of configuration are you considering?
JD
better growth lower down (of course ;0).
I wonder what one could do by hanging one vertical, clustering
plants around it, and then to light it from above by a horizontal.
What sort of configuration are you considering?
JD
whodatnation
Well-Known Member
5x5 tent 1600watts
2x600 air cooled hoods and a 400w bare bulb
Is that not whats happening here? ^^^
urban1026835
Well-Known Member
ooops sorry im a half a fag sometimes.
urban1026835
Well-Known Member
Java- I was thinking i run 5 at a time in a 4x4 so was gonna place them semi circular so i can hang the 150 down the center and leave the open hood above horizontal to see if i like it more and maybe it will help with over growing my tent height wise.
dababydroman
Well-Known Member
hey man, im still alive.. I just was thinking about soil and how microbes are my bitches. I make'm eat shit. so I was like gotta drop by the six let em know Im Still Living. [youtube]vbmibwIK6yk[/youtube]
dababydroman
Well-Known Member
did they take away the likes again?
mensabarbie
Active Member
I just got back from the Cannabis Cup. Yeah there was stuff there that smells like candy. orange or mango candy. yum. I dabbed so much I ate my face off.
Dr.D81
Well-Known Member
yea man they did mensa sounds like all you folks had a hell of a time out there at the la cup
dababydroman
Well-Known Member
looooooooooooooooooooooove. the six.
[youtube]z_v8cUgBEJU[youtube]
[youtube]z_v8cUgBEJU[youtube]