http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Eagle
Feeding
Golden eagle feeding on a
red fox,
Nasavrky[SUP][
disambiguation needed][/SUP],
Czech Republic
The Golden Eagle is one of the most powerful predators in the avian world. They usually hunt by flying slowly while scanning the environment in a low quartering flight, often around mountainous slopes.[SUP]
[4][/SUP] When prey is spotted, the eagle makes a short dash hoping to surprise its prey or engages in a longer rapid chase. They also hunt by flying in a fast glide or soar followed by a sudden stoop. Rarely, they may also still-hunt, watching for prey from an elevated perch and then pouncing down when it is spotted.[SUP]
[4][/SUP] Given that their favorite prey are often mammals or birds that hesitate to fly, unsurprisingly most of their prey is killed on the ground and some prey may even pursued on foot for a short distance by the eagle.[SUP]
[4][/SUP] When hunting birds, they may engage in an agile tail-chase (much in the style of the
Accipiter hawks) and can occasionally snatch birds in mid-flight.[SUP]
[4][/SUP] The powerful talons of the Golden Eagle ensure that few prey can escape them once contact is made. The talons of this species exert an estimated 440 pounds per square inch (3 MPa) of pressure, though the largest individuals may reach a pressure of 750 psi (5.2 MPa), around 15 times more pressure than is exerted by the human hand.[SUP]
[22][/SUP]
While they do show strong local preferences for certain prey, Golden Eagles are first and foremost opportunists and virtually any small to mid-sized animal may be predated if encountered. Nearly 200 species of mammal and bird have been recorded as golden eagle prey.[SUP]
[2][/SUP] Prey selection is largely determined by the local availability and abundance of the prey species.[SUP]
[2][/SUP] Most prey taken are around half the weight of the predating eagle, with a typical prey weight range of 0.5–4 kg (1.1–8.8 lb),[SUP]
[2][/SUP] though this eagle will sometimes fly with prey equal to or slightly heavier than its own weight (4–7 kg (8.8–15 lb)).[SUP]
[2][/SUP]
In North America and most of Europe, the predominant prey are
leporids (
hares and
rabbits) and
sciurids (
ground squirrels,
prairie dogs, and
marmots). In one North American study, mammals comprised 83.9% of the eagles' diet.[SUP]
[23][/SUP] In
Washington, the
Yellow-bellied marmot (
Marmota flaviventris) was eaten significantly more than other species, while in
Great Britain and central and alpine Eurasia, the
Mountain Hare (
Lepus timidus) was taken far more than any other species.[SUP]
[2][/SUP][SUP]
[24][/SUP] On the
Swedish island
Gotland, the preferred prey of the Golden Eagle are
hedgehogs, which are peeled of their prickly backs before being eaten.[SUP]
[4][/SUP] Additional mammals regularly taken include smaller
rodents, such as
mice and
voles, mid-sized mammals such as
foxes and the offspring of
ungulates such as
deer,
antelope,
ibex,
goats and
sheep.[SUP]
[2][/SUP] At the breeding ground of the
Caribou (
Rangifer tarandus), this eagle is one of the most frequent predators of newborn or young calves.[SUP]
[2][/SUP][SUP]
[4][/SUP] Domesticated types of ungulate young are taken as well.[SUP]
[2][/SUP] For juvenile eagles, wintering eagles or eagles that have failed to breed, being able to carry off prey is less important than it is for those who are nesting and such birds are more likely to take large prey that can be left and returned to repeatedly feed on. Wild eagles have exceptionally taken ungulate prey in such circumstances weighing 30 kg (66 lb) or even more, such as adult
Roe Deer (
Capreolus capreolus).[SUP]
[2][/SUP] Recent cases in which Golden Eagle were caught on film attacking unusual, large prey have included an unsuccessful attack on a large adult
White-tailed Deer (
Odocoileus virginianus) and a successful attack on an adult male
Coyote (
Canis latrans).[SUP]
[25][/SUP][SUP]
[26][/SUP] YouTube videos show trained Golden Eagles in
Mongolia working alone, or in tandem, to take down
wolves and foxes there, though the prey animals in this display may be already disabled.[SUP]
[27][/SUP] There are no known instances of wild eagles predating adult wolves and, in falconry, almost all reported of trained killing of wolves are anecdotal.[SUP]
[2][/SUP]
Other videos show goats being dragged off cliffs to their deaths before being fed upon, and in one case being carried fully away by the leg, though the animals appear to be juveniles.[SUP][28][/SUP][SUP][29][/SUP] There are also numerous eye-witness accounts in Europe of sheep being carried off; again, these may be younger, lighter-weight animals. There is one confirmed report of a Golden Eagle snatching the cub of a Brown Bear (Ursus arctos).[SUP][30][/SUP] In December 2012, a video was posted to the Internet that appears to show a Golden Eagle attempting to carry off a small human child. The failed attack occurred in Montreal.[SUP][31][/SUP]