Grams per watt is just a quick and dirty first measure of efficiency. Its OK for those interested in improving their efficiency to get some rough sense of where they are, and where they "could" be, but not much more. Its really NOT all that useful in comparing one grow operation to another, especially if different strains are being grown.
As mentioned, the best (and in fact ONLY) true measure of production efficiency is going to be net yield/total energy consumed during the grow.
So that could be expressed as grams/kilowatt hour, or some similar measurement. (For example, grams/100kwh, won't need so many decimal places and is probably a better way to express this).
Total energy consumed, of course, should include not only lighting energy costs, but also all energy used for light movers, fans, cooling, hydroponic pumps, timers, and anything else grow-related that uses electricity. That's the only way you're going to get a true efficiency measure. So its total yield of dried trimmed bud in g/ total kwh for the grow on the actual energy meter.
Note that many bulbs do NOT use in reality the same wattage that they are nominally rated for. Some use more. . .some use less. Plus, on top of that, ballasts use their own energy, and this is often not included in the calculation, though it needs to be.
Yes, this will put people whose grows require lots of heat control at a "disadvantage", but so what? Its not a competition! If it were, then everyone would be growing the maximum yielding strains (only), and doing their grows indoors under remote arctic conditions requiring no electrically generated cooling, and no odor control.
The fact is, all else being equal, if you need to cool your grow significantly, then your grow will be somewhat less efficient overall. Again, so what? That's nothing to be ashamed of.
For many growers, efficiency is really only a minor consideration, if one at all. Giving up quite a bit of theoretical grow efficiency may make perfect sense for low cost, ease, and simplicity of grow. As mentioned, some strains just don't lend themselves to high efficiency. . .that doesn't mean they aren't worthwhile to grow, and in fact, the opposite may be true. For some growers, absolute yield may be far more important than efficiency. . .for example, it well may be worth it to use 50% more energy just to grow 25% more weed from a particular fixed site.