tl;dr: There is no practical small-scale way to make moldy bud safe to consume.
Yesterday I composted some old weed which had gone moldy. Straight into the worm farm, no attempt to salvage it. I may run dry soon because the coronavirus has interrupted my supply, but it was the right choice.
People have been discussing the question of whether or not there are living mold spores left in the bud after water curing. It's almost irrelevant (more on this below). What matters is the
mycotoxins.
When the bud goes moldy, that means the fungus is actively growing. Many fungi produce nasty mycotoxins as they grow. Some of these are water soluble and some are not.
If you water cure moldy bud, you remove
polar mycotoxins. You will not remove (all of) the
non-polar mycotoxins. You may wash away some through mechanical action, but some will be left in your bud.
If you add a non-polar solvent, you will remove THC and oils from the bud.
Back to the subject of spores: if you create an environment which is conducive to mold growth, mold is going to grow. There are exceptions - if it has somehow been sterilised and then stored in a sterile airtight container, mold cannot start without a living spore. In practice, remember "Everything is everywhere, and the environment selects".
Spores themselves may contain mycotoxins, but if it's just a few spores which have drifted in on the wind, they will not contain enough to harm you any more than breathing the air harms you.
If mold has grown in your weed - whether or not it released spores - the weed is not safe.
Create an environment which is not conducive to mold growth in the first place. Improve your drying and curing skills and pay attention to old batches. Use a loupe to find mycelium long before the bud looks or smells moldy.
Industrial agriculture does attempt to detoxify moldy feed for consumption by
livestock. You can read more on the subject in the links below, but if you want to look after your health and the health of your customers, please don't try to rescue moldy weed. It may taste okay, and by random chance it may even
be okay if you happened to get a type of mold which only produces polar mycotoxins, but if you don't get it tested in a lab then you're gambling with your health.
There is no single method to counteract all agricultural relevant mycotoxins in feed. Understanding the difference between polar versus non-polar mycotoxins will help identify proper methods of detoxification.
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