I`ll give this a go. I was having trouble with maths a while back and I know what its like.
You will always have a Y axis and an X axis. Y is the dependant variable, X is the independant variable. That means you control the value of X (from minus infinity to plus infinity) and sketch Y accordingly. Unless you have the variable X in a limit, say from +5 to -5, your graph will be an infinate sketch. If it is not limited then the teacher will only expect a basic sketch.
So for example you are given an equation of the form Y - 2 = X
Remember, you want Y expressed in terms of X, as it depends on X. When sketching graphs, X axis holds the independant, Y holds dependant. For example a voltage depending on time would have voltage on Y and time on X.
Rewrite in the form Y = X + 2.
This is your Y axis. For every increase in X, Y increases by a constant C.
So you have this in the form: Y = m.X + C
Where m is the gradient (1 in your case, X.1=X) and C is the +2 constant on your graph. ANY function in the form Y=mX + C will create a straight line graph. Fact.
When starting to sketch a graph, there is a few key points to consider. One will be where the graph crosses the X axis, and where it crosses the Y axis.
Visualise this, let X=0. This means the graph is crossing the Y axis at that point. Let Y=0, this means the graph is crossing the X axis at that point.
You can solve the equation for this, Y=X+2. So let Y=0. We have 0=X+2 so X= -2 is where the graph crosses the X axis. Let X=0. You now have Y=0+2, Y=2. Graph crosses Y at 2.
Then write a litte table down with values for X. Range it from -3 to +3 with 0 in between. For every value of X, tabulate a value for Y using the equation next to it.
Now you know where the graph crosses the axes, and also have 3 points to plot on the graph. You don`t even have to plot those points as the graph is a straight line and will increase linearly from where it crosses the axes. Just put ruler and sketch
I gave it a go dude, for you to properly understand this u gotta visualise it. Plot your own points!
If you want a good idea of this thing, try plotting Y=X.X (as in X squared). It will be a parabola with no negative Y values as minus times minus always equals plus on the Y