I really don't know much about Prohibition on the larger scene, but I do know I've read a lot about the American West before and around the turn of the 20th Century. There were a whole lot of positions and institutions that don't even exist today. There's a book, "Here They Dug The Gold", copyrighted 1931, about the gold rush of Pikes Peak, and subsequent discovery of silver and lead in the same area. The population of the town, I think it was Leadville, was overwhelmingly men, and drinking was one of the very few pastimes they could afford. While alcohol was dirt cheap, there was a shortage of housing. You would pay to sleep on the floor of the saloons as one of the few places that were heated. In the winter, every morning, there was a detail, usually one of the fire brigades, that would go around town and gather up the bodies from the men who were so drunk they had laid down on the sidewalks or in the street gutters and simply frozen to death in the sub-zero night temperatures. At one point the Temperance Society made a big deal out of giving an award to one of the town millionaires, H.A.W Tabor, who had opened a beer brewery. Now the miners and lower-class had something to drink besides the rot-gut liquor that was being distilled locally. There was a self-destructive side of the miners, prospectors and get-rich-schemers of the American mining boom that I don't think I've ever seen extrapolated out. They would lead cruelly austere lives finding the gold, digging the silver, milling and processing the mineral wealth, where food and water would be at a premium, simply because it wasn't there, get paid, sell a claim, cash in some gold dust, and then drink themselves into a catatonic stupor.
I do wonder what would have been different if there had been Marijuana on the scene as an alternative. It could have been grown just as easily as corn or potatoes. It wouldn't be the ass-kicking shit we've got today, but they smoked Bull Durham, for God's sakes. It would have been just as legal as prostitution or distilling booze outside of town like they already had.
One other thing I haven't seen mentioned. The Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, at one time in the 1920's ten million dues-paying members, were huge advocates of Prohibition. They were considered Progressives, hated Catholics (Irish, Germans, Italians) as much as they disparaged Blacks, and were allies of the Women's Temperance Movement and the Anti-Saloon League. (The WTM and ASL were both into eugenics, the idea of selective breeding of humans to produce a Master Race. This was twenty years before Adolph Hitler would come to power).
You really have to look at the literature and especially the newspapers of the times in the States. You had an agrarian population, and a rising industrial base with a wealthy class that perceived themselves as New Royalty. Where the white farmer and the cowboy might have knee-jerk racist positions, the moment they came into contact with an individual of color, the quaint code of "A Man is measured by who he is" seemed to kick in. Dirty Dave, Nigger Nate and J. Goodman Bray come to mind. (The one minority that never got treated right through contact were the Chinese, the 'Celestials', 'The Yellow Peril'.) It was only when Upper Class Society began to dominate that racism became, not just the default position, but an intellectual exercise. They were going to make a better society through social engineering, ultimately eliminating the unwanted classes, Blacks, Mexicans, those that they declared genetically inferior. It was the Upper Class that ran the Temperance Society, the KKK and the government. They might not have been the sole force behind Prohibition, but they rode the wave.
I've also read that in some people's opinion, Prohibition never really ended. Before Prohibition, opiates, marijuana, cocaine, they were all legal. There might have been state or local laws, but no Federal restrictions. Afterwards, besides a Federal ten dollar a gallon tax on distilled spirits, all these other recreations became illegal.