Honestly, if you just want to grow in soil, you don't "need" to measure ANYTHING. If your plants look OK, then they are OK!
The biggest thing is just to make sure your growing area doesn't get too hot, and you may well be able to tell that just with your hand!
In practice, at the very least, I'd stick a thermometer in the growing area to get some sense of how hot it gets in there. You can literally buy one for under $2, so this isn't exactly a major expense or bother.
For soil growing, the next thing would be a humidity meter, but you can definitely get away without one.
If you're growing hydro, its certainly *possible* to have excellent results with NO measurement of pH or ppm. But you'll have a much better handle on what your plants are doing, how fast they are using nutrients, and do things a bit more consistently if you do measure those things. If you want to establish consistent regimens and "dial them in" measuring pH and ppm may help you get there.
On water temps for hydro, if your grow area temp is constant, and the reservoir is in the grow area, water temp will be roughly the same as the ambient temp in the grow area, so you may not need to measure it directly. Basically you just want to make sure it doesn't get too hot, because warm water dissolves less oxygen.