A 23w will get them to their fifth true set before any real slowdown is noticeable. CFL grows require ~200-250watts of 2700k an ounce so if you do plan to finish indoors a 254w t5 cf for veg (with replacement bulbs in 2700k for a flower boost?) and a 400w hps are the bare minimum for a few ounces.
If pests are the reason outside is not viable look into Neem Oil, Insect Frass, and other organic repellents. Consider aggressive chemical pest control on plants 3-5 ft away from the grow zone. Could even invest in a hoop house if you wanted a more manageable more permanent solution. You can wash off chemical stuff for the most part, but if an isotope is absorbed, it has to decay, and the half lives of these chemicals are longer than you're entire budding period. If its hemp mites vs sevin though, the chemical would be less detrimental.