https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-1-d&q=geothermal+plant+in+hawaii+causing+eruptions
not one single mention of the eruption being caused by the geothermal plant...not one...not even brought up as a possiblity.
know why? cause it's not a possibility. that plant has about the same effect on that tectonic region as 20 fat guys jumping up and down in unison.
my mistake, one site did bring it up as a possibility...their conclusion?
"I think we can confidently enough answer "no".
From the report "Eruptions of Hawaiian Volcanoes—Past, Present, and Future"
(Tilling et al. 2010):
Kilauea eruptions occur either at its summit or within two well-defined swaths (called rift zones) that radiate from the summit.
In the same report, you can see those rift zones on the map page 3, or on the sketch of the plumbing system page 24. Most lava flows are emplaced along these rift zones. For instance, look at this
map of the 1955 eruption:
Vents and lava flows from the Kīlauea eruption of 1955 superimposed on a USGS topographic map of the lower Puna region. (Credit: Trusdell, Frank. Public domain.)
You can see that the flows were emplaced in a zone very similar to the 2018 eruption. Apparently the power plant opened in 1993, and the first exploratory wells were drilled in 1961—62, so after this event.
Actually, the rift zones are in the
lava flow hazard zone 1, i.e., the most severe. The zone is defined as follow by
Mullineaux et al. (1987) (emphasis added):
Zone 1 consists of the summit areas and active parts of the rift zones of Kilauea and Mauna Loa; in those areas, 25 percent or more of the land surface has been covered by lava within historical time, during the 19th and 20th centuries. These areas contain the sites of most historical eruptions, and
a large majority of the lava flows that will affect other zones on Kilauea and Mauna Loa in the near future probably will originate in zone 1.
So the real question is: why was the plant (and estates...) built in an area well known for lava flow hazards?!
To conclude, by researching the plant I found that it is actually where people accidentally drilled through a magma pocket for the first time (
Teplow et al. 2009)! They hit a pocket of dacite; it did not trigger an eruption. This happened later
in Iceland: this time, they even used it as an experimental well (there is
a whole issue of Geothermics on this). Again, no eruption."
and this as well...
"
October 2021 Update
I just came upon a USGS report called "Have Humans Influenced Volcanic Activity on the Lower East Rift Zone of Kīlauea Volcano? A Publication Review" (
Kauahikaua and Trusdell 2020), which asks (and answers) exactly the same question:
Questions about the relation between human activity or developments and active Hawaiian volcanoes usually are raised during eruptions. These concerns often regard the location of an industrial development, like a geothermal power generation facility, on a volcano (for example, Big Island Video News, 2019; Firozi, 201
. Since the 2018 eruption, the topic of whether commercial developments not only caused the eruption to occur in Kīlaueaʻs lower East Rift Zone (LERZ), but also caused it to erupt with a higher-than-normal rate has been a subject of public discussion.
They examined the past activity of the volcano (location, volume, frequency... of past eruptions), and compared it to the 2018 eruption, concluding (emphasis added):
There are no obvious effects of human activity on eruptions of Kīlauea volcano. There have been no significant changes due to human activity in patterns or trends of deformation or seismicity in the lower East Rift Zone in the last 35–50 years (before and during geothermal operations). The frequency and intensity of eruptions are variable, but it would be difficult to demonstrate a definitive change due to human activity. [...]
We find no evidence to support claims that human activity triggered or influenced the 2018 lower East Rift Zone eruption. The 2018 eruption was caused by injection of magma downrift from Puʻu ʻŌʻō and the summit of Kīlauea. The event fits a pattern of activity that has occurred many times previously on the East Rift Zone and is within the range of normal behavior for Kīlauea Volcano.
So again the answer is "no", but the USGS is a source a bit more authoritative than me!"