1: the Roman Catholic Church wasn't around during that time, and Roman by far were Pagan, the primary rulers of the city were Jewish and Gentile....
2: yes Roman capital punishment was crucifixion, that only happen after the Jewish high authority pressure Pontius to do it, in fact Pontius's wife had told Pontius to leave Jesus (the man) alone:
""When he was set down on the Judgement seat, his wife sent unto him,
saying, Have thou nothing to do with that just man: for I have suffered
many things this day in a dream because of him." - Matthew 27:19
(please keep in mind some say that Jesus the man didn't die on the cross at all"
3: when it comes to the schism's of the church that was way after in mid-evil times, the one side was actually founded by Peter, while the other was Constantine, and that was primarily over the divinity of Jesus, one saw him as a man while the other saw him as divine
4: when it comes to Martin Luther, he was just a big baby.....and i'll cite Canon sight for this one:
"Returning to Germany, we find Martin Luther in his early days naively imagining that the Jews, to whom he was attracted by his studies, would flock to the Church in his reformed version. When nothing of the sort happened, he denounced them in a set of pamphlets written in vituperative fury. He had produced the early, favorable "That Christ Was Born a Jew" in 1523, but after he turned on this so-called "damned, rejected race," he wrote Against the Sabbatarians (153
and On the Jews and Their Lies (1543). "