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im a fan of lower ppfds, and if i recall Rahz is as well. 30-35 works great for me with medium efficient rigs

ive seen this mentioned to increase vigor and decrease rooting time- whats a good product for this? something like maxicrop ideally? (im in hydro and dont like messy organic products) how soon before cutting? any other tips? thanks!

that spot measurement really doesnt mean anything in regard to gauging output or efficacy

unless they changed it recently those components are several years outdated

in free space 18 solid can handle up to 7A

thanks for the bumps guys. most peopel choose the citi 1212s or the luminus cxm22 hard to go wrong with those, both proven performers and universal in size with each other as well as vero v22 and samsung etc, so you'll get long life out of a heatsink/holder/reflector setup as new chips come...

that is a good example of where low voltage drivers are an advantage, you have more flexibility to run cobs at different currents later on

well its just concentrating it, nothings free!

lm301bs are the most current tech. i have them in stock at my site as does HLG.

heat stress will bring out the nanners but like you said it really is genetic

not sure. not up to speed on the specs of the light in question. light distribution above looks pretty bad tho

that doesnt mean much to me,but im glad its growing well for you!

there is no "better" really. lights with more umol/J cost less to run over time

driver datasheet>determine max current divide this current by # of cobs to determine current per cob look at cob datasheet to determine voltage at that cob current wattage = cob voltage x cob current

i triple checked this with that online calculator and also my own math from scratch and its the right order of magnitude but 0.1 g will raise 10 gal just under 2 ppm. so your target 3ppm was probably right about 5 ppm i just made a fresh solution of 10 g/gal concentrated solution, and 10 ml of...

1 cob per square foot = 12" spacing distance to canopy = 12" minimum or you'll get "holes" like @InTheValley describes in his example

no farther apart than your distance to canopy

theres a heatsink calculator thread with a java-based tool for the popular HSUSA profiles

or click "watch thread" and you can see all your watched threads in your profile. people like to let loose sometimes on people who bump year old threads

6 185s on a 20A 120V