I'm with Seamaiden - "Not if you do it right!". Although to be fair, it can happen, if you're not that slick at transplanting. This can be a traumatic experience to your plants - so, be prepared, be gentle and practice!
And yes, as was said above, always finish your transplanting with a good watering.
I got to practice on a LOT of other plants. So, when it came time to transplant my little mj's, I just did it as I always do.
Having my new pot ready with slightly damp soil (just don't want it completely dry)...
Place the plant so that my palm is down over the soil and the stem comes up between my fingers.
Invert pot, squeeze gently to work loose.
Gently break up bottom of roots (NEVER more than 1/3 of roots!).
Gently upright into place, start packing soil from the bottom of the rootball up.
Firm soil down into place.
Water well.
Watch 'em grow.