Neither....Sex is shown by hours of light. Small plant tall plant big plant small plant big plant old plant young plant. They all begin to bud when the hours of light are decreased. Also you can't get more Females from air temperature being low. There either male or female from the start of seed.lol
Yes and No...
I can pick males out of 1ft tall plants (each group the same strain) - while in veg..... 98-99% of time correctly... That makes a ratio of 1-2 out of 100 plants I say are male. End up female. This has proven it's self out over the 4.6 decades of working this plant....
You do it that long, and I guarantee
you could too...
The rest I could argue also....
BUT, I find I have nicely better then a 1:1 sex ratio in warmer and more humid environments then from popping and starting, in a cold one!
This is also on a very regular basis.
Sometimes science say one thing.......and another can happen.... I don't record the sex results by number any more so, The idea of it balancing over time? Seems to favor my point by memory.
One thing to remember? Store seeds properly and use a "cold time" before warming to room temp and popping.