This research will be done in the Temple as an Oblation to the God Surya
Solar Technology
http://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/science_nation/sprayonsolar.jsp
http://inhabitat.com/hypersolar-increases-solar-efficiency-by-300-with-magnifying-film/
"Alexandre Edmond Becquerel created the world's first photovoltaic cell in 1839. In this experiment, silver chloride was placed in an acidic solution and illuminated while connected to platinum electrodes, generating voltage and current. Because of this work, the photovoltaic effect has also been known as the "Becquerel effect". The Photovoltaic effect, a process in which two dissimilar materials in close contact produce an electrical voltage when struck by light or other radiant energy. Light striking crystals such as silicon or germanium, in which electrons are usually not free to move from atom to atom within the crystal, provides the energy needed to free some electrons from their bound condition. Free electrons cross the junction between two dissimilar crystals more easily in one direction than in the other, giving one side of the junction a negative charge and, therefore, a negative voltage with respect to the other side, just as one electrode of a battery has a negative voltage with respect to the other. The photovoltaic effect can continue to provide voltage and current as long as light continues to fall on the two materials. This current can be used to measure the brightness of the incident light or as a source of power in an electrical circuit, as in a solar power system."
Quantum Dots in Photovoltaics
http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/34814/InTech-Silicon_quantum_dots_for_photovoltaics_a_review.pdf
A quantum dot solar cell is a solar cell design that uses quantum dots as the absorbing photovoltaic material. It attempts to replace bulk materials such as silicon, copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) or CdTe. Quantum dots have bandgaps that are tunable across a wide range of energy levels by changing the dots' size. In bulk materials the bandgap is fixed by the choice of material(s). This property makes quantum dots attractive for multi-junction solar cells, where a variety of materials are used to improve efficiency by harvesting multiple portions of the solar spectrum.
Dye-Sensitized Photovoltaics
http://www.e-renewables.com/documents/Solar/Dye-sensitized%20photovoltaic%20cells.pdf
http://krex.k-state.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/2097/12416/JeremyEssner2011.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
A dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC, DSC or DYSC) is a low-cost solar cell belonging to the group of thin film solar cells. It is based on a semiconductor formed between a photo-sensitized anode and anelectrolyte, a photoelectrochemical system. The modern version of a dye solar cell, also known as the Grätzel cell, was originally co-invented in 1988 by Brian O'Regan and Michael Grätzel at UC Berkeley and this work was later developed by the aforementioned scientists at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne until the publication of the first high efficiency DSSC in 1991.
Carrier Multiplication in Photovoltaics
http://ccccchem.uci.edu/~lawm/Generating%20Free%20Charges%20by%20Carrier%20Multiplication%20in%20Quantum%20Dots%20for%20Highly%20Efficient%20Photovoltaics.pdf
In solar cell research, carrier multiplication is the phenomenon wherein the absorption of a single photon leads to the excitation of multiple electrons from the valence band to conduction band. In the theory of a conventional solar cell, each photon is only able to excite one electron across the band gap of the semiconductor, and any excess energy in that photon is dissipated as heat. In a material with carrier multiplication, high-energy photons excite on average more than one electron across the band gap, and so in principle the solar cell can produce more useful work.
Colloids in Photovoltaics
https://books.google.com/books?id=bjvHECpuyvAC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Colloidal+Semiconductor+Nanowires:+Synthesis,+Quantum-confinement-effect+google+books&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAGoVChMI0OOfh8PPyAIVCVOICh0VyQDq#v=onepage&q&f=false
Thiols in Photovoltaics
http://www.light.utoronto.ca/edit/files/publications/2008/barkhouse_2008_1.pdf
Nanocrystal Acid Treatments in Photovoltaics
https://zenodo.org/record/1133/files/post-deposition-Nanotechnology-revised2.pdf
Photoelectrochemical cells
http://gcep.stanford.edu/pdfs/hydrogen_workshop/MacQueen.pdf
Photoelectrochemical cells or PECs are solar cells that produce electrical energy or hydrogen in a process similar to the electrolysis of water.
Thermophotovoltaic Cells
Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) energy conversion is a direct conversion process from heat to electricity via photons. A basic thermophotovoltaic system consists of a thermal emitter and a photovoltaic diode cell.
http://web.ics.purdue.edu/~pbermel/pdf/Celanovic11.pdf
http://jxcrystals.com/publications/40PVSC_Fraas_Manuscript%207-21-2014.pdf
http://calhoun.nps.edu/bitstream/handle/10945/1170/04Jun_Davenport.pdf?sequence=1
Micro-Thermophotovoltaic Cells
http://serve.me.nus.edu.sg/shuchang/Publications/Latest%20papers%20for%20web/yang-chou-shu-li-xue-sensc%20(2003).pdf
Dual-Thermophotovoltaic Cells
http://cpb.iphy.ac.cn/fileup/PDF/2013-10-108402.pdf
Thermophotovoltaic Monolithic Interconnected Modules
http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20030113048.pdf
Photovoltaic Design
http://www.uccs.edu/~rtirado/PV_Resources.pdf
Geometrical Photovoltaic design for shade tolerance
http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1303/1303.4604.pdf
Photovoltaic Materials:
Amorphous silicon (a-Si) is the non-crystalline form of silicon used for solar cells and thin-film transistors in LCD displays. Used as semiconductor material for a-Si solar cells, or thin-film silicon solar cells, it is deposited in thin films onto a variety of flexible substrates, such as glass, metal and plastic. Amorphous silicon cells generally feature low efficiency, but are one of the most environmentally friendly photovoltaic technologies, since they do not use any toxic heavy metals such as cadmium or lead.
http://www.solarhome.ru/downloads/pv/a-Si_Advantages.pdf
Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is a compound of the elements gallium and arsenic. It is a III-V direct bandgap semiconductor with a zinc blende crystal structure. Gallium arsenide is used in the manufacture of devices such as microwave frequency integrated circuits, monolithic microwave integrated circuits, infrared light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, solar cells and optical windows.
http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy13osti/57902.pdf
https://mundaylab.umd.edu/wp-content/uploads/JournalOfPV_20121.pdf
Cadmium telluride (CdTe) is a stable crystalline compound formed from cadmium and tellurium. It is mainly used as the semiconducting material in cadmium telluride photovoltaics and an infrared optical window. It is usually sandwiched with cadmium sulfide to form a p-n junction solar PV cell. Typically, CdTe PV cells use a n-i-p structure.
http://www.ijcea.org/papers/290-A00012.pdf