The concept that hydro farming is somehow greener than organic is hard to swallow considering the sources of these fertilizers, which are far from green and are not sustainable in the long term.
30% of all nitrogen used as fertilizer comes from a process that makes ammonia from methane and atmospheric nitrogen under very high heat and pressure. The places where this done are mainly fossil fuel burning economies (China, US are the top two producers). Another top source is saltpeter-mineral mined out of the Chilean desert.
Phosphate fertilizers start out as mined phosphate rock, which is then crushed, treated with a strong acid then purified and neutralized. An industrial chemical process with the usual stream of waste products. Not very bad but not green.
Potassium is delivered in the form of the potash, a mineral that comes from deep-shaft mines. The top three producers are Canada, Russia and Belarus. These three producers account for 90% of the worlds reserves in this mineral.
Other than ammonia, these nutrients mostly come from the ground, are purified and transported around the world. A large chunk of ammonia comes from burning fossil fuels. The point isn't that this is a horror story. Its all part of the modern industrial food complex. Just don't dress it up as something wholesome new and wonderful because its used in hydro.
Organic farming is nothing like what is experienced by the home MJ grower who is sold those pretty colored bottles from the hydro store. Organic farming is focused on using local and natural sources when ever possible. Agree that bat guano and other sources of nutrients is not an acceptable alternative to conventional sources for NPK.
Water quality of surrounding streams and ground water is less affected when organic practices are employed compared to conventional farming, which from what I've read, releases more of the applied nutrients into the environment via water runoff than is actually used. Hydro might have a leg up on conventional in that regard.
If we are comparing conventional farming to hydro farming then both use nutes from the sources listed above, so no differences there. Neither seem very green to me.
In general though, I am boggled by idea of wheat fields grown hydroponically. Tomatoes, I can see but hydro wheat corn rice and beans? Is that what people are suggesting is going to occur in the near future?